Warning Scumbag predator criminal Rapist Shell-oil Chair of the Board BHP Rapist Dr. Andrew Mackenzie Rapist Chief Executive Officer BHP Rapist BHP.com CEO Graham Kerr CEO south32.net Rapist.

Scumbag criminal BHP CEO Rapist Dr. Andrew Stewart Mackenzie Chair of the Board of Shell oil predator preys on the weak and helpless, 2014 Years of hard work was destroyed by these 2 Scumbag Rapist Shell oil BHP Andrew Mackenzie, Graham Kerr south32.net 2 homosexual RAPIST criminal gay couple piece of shit greed to steal our company trademark franchise name that was being devolved for 5 years to be one of the biggest Hollywood franchise film production companies with the biggest Hollywood actors. These 2 idiots Andrew Mackenzie & Graham Kerr Employees of BHP mining company and Shell Oil company stole our trademark name and crashed our company. BHP is putting pressure to crash our company with all of its cast & crew. We hold BHP BHP Billiton directly responsible For these theft actions because they were very well aware of our south32 existence for years and BHP Savagely raped us and destroyed everything we had worked so hard for. South32 is a franchise story of a woman who gets raped and fights Back. We hold scumbag criminal Graham Kerr, Rapist Shell oil Dr. Andrew Mackenzie and Mike Henry CEO BHP BHP.com BHP Billiton accountable for all damages they have done to our company throughout these 8 years and asking immediate Cease and Desist of South32.net URL. We are putting BHP BHP.com CEO Mike Henry on notice for all the damages you have cuased since splitting your BHP Billiton south32.net criminal fake spin off. Warning to all south32.net BHP employees. 2 Scumbag Rapist Shell oil BHP Andrew Mackenzie, Graham Kerr south32.net 2 homosexual RAPIST criminal gay couple piece of shit.

South32 | Warning Criminal Scumbag predator Rapist Shell oil Chair of the Board BHP Rapist Sir Dr. Andrew Mackenzy Rapist-Chief Executive Officer BHP BHP.com Graham Kerr Rapist .

Scumbag criminal BHP CEO Dr. Rapist Andrew Mackenzie Chair of the Board of Shell plc predator preys on the weak and helpless.

warning criminal Shell Oil Andrew Mackenzie BHP BHP.com Rapist Graham Kerr South32.net Shell oil Chair of the Board BHP Rapist Sir Dr. Andrew Stewart Mackenzy Rapist BHP BHP.com CEO Miss Rapist Chief Executive Officer Graham Kerr, South32.com Suing south32.net (SEC) BHP.com $500,000,000,000.00.

Scumbag criminal BHP BHP.com CEO chairman of Shell oil plc company predator Rapist Dr. Andrew Stewart Mackenzie FRS is a sick Scottish RAPIST WANTED him and his BHP buddy Chief Executive Officer Graham Kerr RAPED me and my USA cast and crew film company.

Scumbag criminal BHP BHP.com CEO chairman of Shell oil plc company predator Rapist Sir Andrew Stewart Mackenzie FRS is a sick Scottish RAPIST WANTED him and his BHP buddy Chief Executive Officer Graham Kerr RAPED me and my USA cast and crew film company.

Scumbag criminal BHP BHP.com CEO chairman of Shell oil plc company predator Rapist Dr. Andrew Stewart Mackenzie FRS is a sick Scottish RAPIST WANTED him and his BHP buddy Chief Executive Officer Graham Kerr RAPED me and my USA cast and crew film company.

Scumbag criminal BHP BHP.com CEO chairman of Shell oil plc company predator Rapist Sir Andrew Stewart Mackenzie FRS is a sick Scottish RAPIST WANTED him and his BHP buddy Chief Executive Officer Graham Kerr RAPED me and my USA cast and crew film company.

warning criminal Shell Oil Andrew Mackenzie BHP BHP.com Rapist Graham Kerr South32.net Shell oil Chair of the Board BHP Rapist Sir Dr. Andrew Stewart Mackenzy Rapist BHP BHP.com CEO Miss Rapist Chief Executive Officer Graham Kerr, South32.com Suing south32.net (SEC) BHP.com $500,000,000,000.00

Scumbag criminal BHP BHP.com CEO chairman of Shell oil plc company predator Rapist Sir Andrew Stewart Mackenzie FRS is a sick Scottish RAPIST WANTED him and his BHP buddy Chief Executive Officer Graham Kerr RAPED me and my USA cast and crew film company.

Scumbag criminal BHP BHP.com CEO chairman of Shell oil plc company predator Rapist Dr. Andrew Stewart Mackenzie FRS is a sick Scottish RAPIST WANTED him and his BHP buddy Chief Executive Officer Graham Kerr RAPED me and my USA cast and crew film company.

warning criminal Shell Oil Andrew Mackenzie BHP BHP.com Rapist Graham Kerr South32.net Shell oil Chair of the Board BHP Rapist Sir Dr. Andrew Stewart Mackenzy Rapist BHP BHP.com CEO Miss Rapist Chief Executive Officer Graham Kerr, South32.com Suing south32.net (SEC) BHP.com $500,000,000,000.00

Scumbag criminal BHP BHP.com CEO chairman of Shell oil plc company predator Rapist Sir Andrew Stewart Mackenzie FRS is a sick Scottish RAPIST WANTED him and his BHP buddy Chief Executive Officer Graham Kerr RAPED me and my USA cast and crew film company.

warning criminal Shell Oil Andrew Mackenzie BHP BHP.com Rapist Graham Kerr South32.net Shell oil Chair of the Board BHP Rapist Sir Dr. Andrew Stewart Mackenzy Rapist BHP BHP.com CEO Miss Rapist Chief Executive Officer Graham Kerr, South32.com Suing south32.net (SEC) BHP.com $500,000,000,000.00

Scumbag criminal BHP BHP.com CEO chairman of Shell oil plc company predator Rapist Sir Andrew Stewart Mackenzie FRS is a sick Scottish RAPIST WANTED him and his BHP buddy Chief Executive Officer Graham Kerr RAPED me and my USA cast and crew film company.

Scumbag British Australian criminal public whore low life dirty pussy Miss Graham Kerr BHP spy NO BALLS thief crook shyster STOCK FRAUD Rapist South32.net evil loser dirty filthy disgusting animal cockroach evil devil piece of shit predator criminal Rapist Shell-oil Chair of the Board BHP Rapist Dr. Andrew Mackenzie Rapist Chief Executive Officer Shell BHP BHP.com CEO Miss Graham Kerr Rapist. Scumbag British Australian criminal public whore low life dirty pussy Miss Graham Kerr BHP spy NO BALLS thief crook shyster STOCK FRAUD Rapist South32.net evil loser dirty filthy disgusting animal cockroach evil devil piece of shit predator criminal Rapist Shell-oil Chair of the Board BHP Rapist Dr. Andrew Mackenzie Rapist Chief Executive Officer Shell BHP BHP.com CEO Miss Graham Kerr Rapist. Scumbag British Scottish criminal Dr. Andrew Mackenzie Shell oil whore low life dirty pussy Miss Graham Kerr Rapist South32.net BHP spy NO BALLS thief crook shyster STOCK FRAUD evil loser dirty filthy disgusting animal cockroach evil devil piece of shit. Scumbag chairman of Shell oil plc company BHP CEO BHP.com Rapist criminal Sir Andrew Stewart Mackenzie FRS is a Sick Scottish RAPIST WANTED him and his BHP Chief Executive Officer Graham Kerr RAPED me Scumbag British Australian criminal public whore dirty pussy Miss Graham Kerr BHP spy NO BALLS thief crook shyster STOCK FRAUD RAPIST South32.net evil loser dirty filthy disgusting animal cockroach evil devil piece of shit. - Luigi image, photo, picture, LUCKY LUIGI South32 suing criminal scumbag rapist soutn32.net BhP BhP.com $5000,000,000,000,000.00 Scumbag British Australian criminal public whore low life dirty pussy Miss Graham Kerr BHP spy NO BALLS thief crook shyster STOCK FRAUD South32.net evil loser dirty pimp filthy disgusting animal cockroach evil devil bastard piece of shit. Tim Flannery warning of adverse climate impacts if South32 coal killing dangers: Prominent Australian scientist and climate change writer Tim Flannery has spoken against a planned coal mine expansion in New South Wales, warning of dire environmental consequences if it is to proceed. Key points: The IPC is conducting three days of public hearings as it considers South32's mine expansion plans The company wants to extract 78 million tonnes of coal from beneath Sydney's drinking water catchment until 2048 Climate change scientist Tim Flannery addressed the commission to raise concerns about the mine's environmental impact South32 is seeking approval to expand its Dendrobium mine, west of Wollongong, until 2048. It plans to use a longwall mining technique to extract 78 million tonnes of metallurgical coal for steelmaking from two new areas under Sydney's drinking water catchment. "I want to speak against the development and my concerns are really around the climate impacts of extending our coal mining in Australia," Professor Flannery told a public hearing of the Independent Planning Commission on Thursday. He pointed to a paper published in April in leading science journal Nature which he said laid out evidence that Australia was approaching some "very serious deteriorations" in key global climate systems, including destruction of the Great Barrier Reef and the drying of the Amazon rainforest. "The key thing I'm concerned about is that we're reaching some key climatic tipping points which represent an extreme risk for us," Professor Flannery said. "If we're to have a chance, at least, of avoiding those tipping points, we need to stabilise the Earth's temperatures at about one and half degrees above the pre-industrial average." A sign and the road outside the Dendrobium mine South32 wants to extend the life of its Dendrobium mine until 2048.(ABC Illawarra: Kelly Fuller) Cutting fossil fuels Professor Flannery's presentation to the IPC coincided with the release of the United Nations' annual Production Gap Report, which calls for substantial cuts in global carbon emissions to avoid dire consequences for the environment. "So rather than extending our coal mining and our fossil fuel use, the report argues we need to be cutting [their use] six per cent per year, every year, to keep ourselves safe from these dangerous tipping points." Rush to renewables Wind turbines in a wind farm in South Australia Despite, or perhaps because of, government inaction, consumers and businesses have flocked towards renewable energy, writes Ian Verrender. Read more South32's mines in the Illawarra region provide around 80 per cent of the coal necessary for steelmaking at BlueScope's Port Kembla plant. The companies together have called for the expansion project to be approved to secure thousands of direct and indirect jobs in New South Wales and across the country. Professor Flannery said an ongoing reliance on coal was not feasible as other countries, including Germany, move towards hydrogen steel production. How Germany is quitting coal A coal power plant in Germany. Germany is doing what Australia says it can't — shutting down its coal industry. Read more "Coal mining is not going to be the future," he told the commission. "The hydrogen economy offers us a way of producing steel with 98 per cent less CO2 than using coal. "BHP announced in November that they were going to be investing in hydrogen for steelmaking in China. We can't be left behind on this. "If we make the right decisions now and we get on the right track we could have a very prosperous future here in the Illawarra," Professor Flannery said. Find more local news Tell us your location and find more local ABC News and information Site of mine in metropolitan special area The Dendrobium underground coal mine (represented by the black dot) is seen in the metropolitan special area of Sydney's drinking water catchment.(Supplied: Water NSW) Directly affected Several South32 employees presented to the IPC during its second day of public hearings on Thursday, backing the mine. "The industry provides opportunities in so many disciplines from operators to engineers, finance, technology, communications, and community engagement," Luke Oliver said. "Our region relies on the jobs directly with South32 and those contract partners and supply services." Australian bosses have started caring about climate change Australian company directors nominate climate change as the number one issue they want the government to address in the long-term, in a survey of more than 1,200 business leaders. Read more Mining supervisor Anthony Dal Santo said he and his three children, who also work in the industry, would be "directly affected" if Dendrobium's expansion was rejected. "It would have both emotional and a financial devastating affect on my family," Mr Dal Santo told the commission. "This impact would be felt across the Illawarra and would also impact local businesses, the community, and the state of New South Wales. "Dendrobium mine has proved to be a positive influence in the local community and deserves the opportunity to continue." The IPC is due to hear the last of more than 80 registered speakers making oral submissions on Friday. Of the 280 written submissions already received by the commission, 250 have expressed support for the mine expansion project. 1 November 2016 ColombiaMiningPollution Threats, pay-offs and skin defects. Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik investigates the activities of a massive British-Australian ferronickel complex. 01.11.2016-this-mine-kills-590.jpgSkin defects, along with cancer and respiratory illnesses, are common in the area of the mine. This Zenú boy is from El Alto San Jorge, Córdoba province. © Irrael Aguilar Amid the arid farmlands of Colombia’s Córdoba province, the grassed earth gives way to bare incisions. Upturned mounds of ochre puncture the landscape. Fuming chimneys spill white smoke. This is Cerro Matoso, one of the largest ferronickel mines and processing facilities in the world. Owned and part-owned for over 30 years by BHP Billiton, an Anglo-Australian corporation and the largest mining firm in the world, it was recently transferred to South32, a spin-off company.1 Matoso has proven a lucrative source of wealth, delivering billions of dollars in sales. But former workers and local communities say that wealth has come at their expense; they are demanding justice for the destructive impact on their health, livelihoods, environment and safety. Small-scale mining first started at Cerro Matoso in the 1960s, expanding in 1979 when the Colombian government granted a concession to Conicol, Ifi-Econiquel and Billington Overseas (the precursor of BHP Billiton, from the Royal Dutch Shell group). Funded by the World Bank, the mine boomed, becoming the region’s flagship industry.2 Montelíbano, a nearby town devoted to agriculture and livestock breeding, saw its population triple.3 Advert Newint - Article 1, 2 & frontpage - CSO21 3 In 1997, BHP Billiton gained full ownership of the mine, doubling its production between 2001 and 2010. Today, Cerro Matoso’s high-quality ferronickel is shipped from Cartagena across the world, where it finds its way into countless industrial products, such as surgical instruments or mobile phones. Extracting the material is an intricate process. Raw ferronickel is found in opencast spaces. It is mined using bulldozers and then transported to processing facilities. There, it is crushed and dried, and readied for the smelter. In high-temperature ovens, the nickel is melted, separated into segments, and cooled. With four enormous furnaces in use, Cerro Matoso is the most energy-intensive industrial project in Colombia. But these ovens emit large amounts of toxic particles, which the wind carries to water sources and fields. CANCER, DEFECTS AND MISCARRIAGES The impacts of contaminated air and waterways on local communities is evident through genetic deformations, illnesses and an epidemic of miscarriages.4 Children have been born without reproductive organs or anuses. Cows and chickens have birthed offspring with two heads and excess limbs. DANE, the Colombian government bureau of statistics, reported an alarming rise in rates of cancer and respiratory illness in the region.5 Dermatological defects, such as blemishes, rashes or burst skin are common. Water studies have detected extremely high levels of iron in the principal local river.6

Dayro Romero is the governor of the indigenous community of Pueblo Flecha, a village located a few hundred metres away from Cerro Matoso. ‘At first we didn’t see any changes,’ he says. ‘But 20 years on we began to see the impacts. [Today] there are high rates of bronchitis, pneumonia… Our children have skin defects, eye problems, constant headaches. Our girls are embarrassed to wear short clothes that show the blemishes on their skin. We are known for our fertility, but in our community we now have so many miscarriages. In 2011, 14 out of 36 pregnancies in our village were aborted... We feel environmentally massacred.’ Advert Newint - Article 1, 2 & frontpage - CSO21 1 Children have been born without reproductive organs or anuses. Cows and chickens have birthed offspring with two heads and excess limbs Irrael Aguilar, chieftain of the Zenú communities in the region, concurs: ‘We are slowly being killed by this mine. This is the end of us. We are on our way to extermination.’ Dozens of former mine workers have also experienced high rates of cancer, deafness and illness, with some initiating legal proceedings against the company.7,8,9 Nickel isn’t the only source of pollution. Nearby coalmines and coal-fired power plants, relied on by Cerro Matoso to meet its enormous energy needs, cast coal dust into the air. In 2013, indigenous and Afro-descendant communities from areas surrounding Cerro Matoso blockaded the mine’s entrance in protest over the health and environmental impacts, halting operations. At first they were ignored. Then, riot police were sent in. The pressure continued, eventually leading to an agreement between communities, the company and the government. One of the central compromises was that Cerro Matoso would finance an independent environmental and health study. Despite delays, the study has begun and is expected to reveal its results later in the year.10,11 The company is adamant that there are no negative impacts from its operations.12 Luis Marulanda del Valle, Cerro Matoso’s Vice-President for External Affairs, maintains that ‘the health of these communities is affected by factors independent of our operations.’13 A BHP Billiton spokesperson pointed to ‘detailed environmental and health studies carried out by Cerro Matoso up to 2014’, which indicated a minimal or absent impact on air quality, water quality and public health. But in 2014, one of the public bodies responsible for monitoring Cerro Matoso’s impacts admitted lacking the necessary equipment to determine whether the company’s own environmental reporting matched reality.14 CALLOUS CONTRASTS In its communications, Cerro Matoso pays ample reference to its contribution to economic and social development. It claims to have significantly improved the quality of life in the region through royalties and social programmes.15 Cerro Matoso is a massive enterprise linking mines with power plants and processing facilities. This truck, loaded with coal, heads from the Córdoba mines to the Geselca power plant.Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik But local voices are more sceptical. Moreno argues that ‘they [the company] haven’t come through on their promise on water access, or the fixing of streets. They’ve built houses, but not using our traditional methods. In any case, what do we do with a house when we’re blighting our blood?’ Aguilar agrees: ‘We do not see the companies bringing real development. Rather, they have been preparing death for people here. They are destroying the forests, the water sources. We are merely looking for a dignified life for our coming generations, something which goes against the company’s vision.’ Montelíbano is a city of callous contrasts. Mine managers and workers benefit from a company country club, a private school and a private water supply. A gated Cerro Matoso neighbourhood sits inside the city centre. A closed condominium reserved for managers lies outside the city limits. Yet thousands of families in Montelíbano live in conditions of extreme poverty. Many lack access to water, sewerage or adequate housing. Rates of illiteracy are high.16 Eighty per cent of the inhabitants of the neighbouring municipality of San José de Uré have unmet basic needs.17 In 2012, a delegate from the General Comptroller noted that municipalities affected by Cerro Matoso were worse off than those without mining projects.18 In rural districts and communities adjacent to the mine, pollution has wrecked traditional livelihoods and methods of subsistence. ‘Before,’ Moreno says, ‘you could throw a net into the river and retrieve 20 fish. Now, it takes you a day to catch three.’ Cerro Matoso is not just a mine: it is an enormous development enterprise, linking coalmines with power plants and processing facilities. For its advocates, it has proven to be a dynamic engine of growth. For critics, it is a textbook example of maldevelopment, a network of extractive ventures which has harmed lives and impeded more salutary forms of development in the region. The mine, which has seemingly polluted the land and lives of Zenú communities, was initially powered by a hydroelectric mega-dam which forcibly displaced indigenous Emberá communities. Today, an enlarged Cerro Matoso is looking to meet its growing energy needs through the expansion of Geselca, a coal-fired power plant supplied by new local coalmines. All these polluting processes are in turn being ‘environmentally offset’ by the industrial plantation of swathes of palm and non-native teca trees, which consume more water than native species. Aguilar calls this ‘double damage’. He says: ‘They damage the environment, and then try to fix that damage with further damage.’ PARAMILITARY LINKS? There are also concerns around how Cerro Matoso has woven itself into Colombia’s vivid landscape of violence. Historically, the province of Córdoba has been one of the areas most embroiled in the country’s armed conflict, with a patent presence of paramilitary and guerrilla forces. Local residents have expressed fears about the relationship between the company and armed actors. One local shopkeeper, asking to remain nameless, reflects: ‘In this city, every business has to pay vacunas [extortion payments] to the paramilitaries, from wealthy retailers to the guys who sell passion-fruit juice on the street. They [Cerro Matoso] have been here for decades, and haven’t had a single reprisal, a single threat, a single kidnapping. How have they done that? Are we supposed to believe that they’ve never paid or engaged with the paramilitaries? We simply cannot explain to ourselves how such a company can move so freely in this territory.’ Others point to precedents. A Japanese company supplying carbon filters left the region, allegedly due to constant extortion.19 Non-governmental organizations have been unable to operate freely in surrounding villages. Irrael Aguilar (left) is one of the indigenous Zenú leaders who lives under severe threats for his involvement in environmental struggles. He is accompanied by fellow leader Juan Urango.Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik There is not just suspicion around the mine’s engagement with paramilitaries to ensure unobstructed operations; allegations persist of the mine’s complicity in violence against social leaders. Colombia is one of the most dangerous countries in the world for defenders of human and environmental rights. An explosive mix of armed groups, extensive land conflicts, lucrative extractive projects, and state paralysis create conditions for the killing of dozens of activists every year.20 In Córdoba, the indigenous Zenú community of El Alto San Jorge is home to a population of nearly 16,900 people, spread across dozens of villages. Over the past eight years, the community has seen 49 of its leaders killed. Another 14 leaders currently have protection measures and 19 more are undergoing risk assessments. Only two have obtained full protection measures. Irrael Aguilar, the community’s chieftain, is under severe threat for his involvement in various rights struggles. He travels with an entourage of bodyguards and rarely spends consecutive nights in the same location. Aguilar says that ‘the company certainly has its hands in some of the threats.’ South32 and BHP Billiton deny the claims, with spokespersons from both companies affirming compliance with high standards of human rights due diligence. But those under threat are often stuck in a bind. If they present concrete evidence of the threats against them to the authorities, the risk of reprisal increases. One community leader, who asked to remain anonymous, alleged that he had evidence from paramilitary leaders who had been approached by Cerro Matoso to ‘eliminate him’. But divulging that evidence would put him at further risk. Until the security situation in the region changes, and thorough investigations can take place, there will be little clarity around the true nature of extortion and threats. Questions also arise around the company’s fiscal relationship to the Colombian state. Plantations of thirsty non-native teca trees do further damage to the environment.Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik Cerro Matoso has been accused of avoiding tax, underpaying royalties, and under-invoicing.21 In 2010, the company was forced to pay over $12 million in unpaid royalties, after an audit from the General Comptroller. Further analysis of Cerro Matoso’s finances suggests manipulation or creative accounting to reduce its taxable income.22 Mario Valencia, spokesperson for the Network for Tributary Justice in Colombia, noted: ‘[an] analysis of Cerro Matoso’s figures leaves us concerned, because there is strong evidence that they are presenting accounts which show a situation that is more critical than in reality.’23 Cerro Matoso has also faced significant scrutiny for its lease over the mine, and the contracts it has negotiated with the government.24 Another Comptroller report in 2012 showed that the mine’s environmental licence was granted based on incomplete, inadequate and outdated data.25 WHAT NEXT? The future of Cerro Matoso is clouded in uncertainty. Despite plans to expand operations, a collapse in nickel prices has provoked a crisis.26 Many workers have been laid off, and there are doubts whether the mine’s concession will be extended beyond 2029. But if Cerro Matoso closes operations, will there be justice for communities torn apart by its impacts? In 2011, BHP Billiton registered the largest-ever profit by a British firm.27 It has been a generous sponsor of sports teams, cultural events, and Olympic medals, and has poured millions into lobbying.28 But its wealth has come at a cost – from flattened villages in Brazil to polluted lives in Colombia.29, 30 ‘The word Zenú means wonderful land, a place of found waters,’ Aguilar laments. ‘The legacy of our ancestors is a world-vision of equilibrium, of harmony with the natural world. The Western man [sic] doesn’t understand this, let alone the businessman [sic]. They understand extraction, not conservation.’ Over the past eight years, the community has seen 49 of its leaders killed The tension Aguilar references extends beyond Cerro Matoso; it lies at the heart of hundreds of disputes across the country. Two-fifths of Colombia’s land has been concessioned to or requested by mining or fossil-fuel companies. The government has declared the country open for business, assuring all that the country must develop its way to an enduring peace. The thrust of that development is the so-called ‘mining-energy locomotive’.31 But will an authentic peace be obtainable with a development policy that enflames social conflicts and degrades territories? Social movements have been mobilizing to demand instead a peace imbued with social and environmental justice.32 Danilo Urrea, from the environmental justice organization CENSAT Agua Viva, criticizes the government for proposing a ‘corporate peace’, ‘based on a development model which turns its back to environmental equilibrium, and closes its eyes to popular participation.’ ‘Nature has been the setting of war, it holds the spoils of war and, therefore, it has been the victim of war,’ he says. ‘Nature is also the only fertile ground for peace. Unless we reconfigure our relationships and economic models, unless we reconcile ourselves with nature and each other, then a lasting peace is unattainable.’ Tim Flannery warns of adverse climate impacts if South32 coal mine expansion approved ABC Illawarra / By Ainslie Drewitt Smith Posted WedWednesday 2 DecDecember 2020 at 8:31pm A man sits in front of solar panels Former climate change commissioner Tim Flannery spoke at a hearing of the IPC.(AAP) Share Prominent Australian scientist and climate change writer Tim Flannery has spoken against a planned coal mine expansion in New South Wales, warning of dire environmental consequences if it is to proceed. Key points: The IPC is conducting three days of public hearings as it considers South32's mine expansion plans The company wants to extract 78 million tonnes of coal from beneath Sydney's drinking water catchment until 2048 Climate change scientist Tim Flannery addressed the commission to raise concerns about the mine's environmental impact South32 is seeking approval to expand its Dendrobium mine, west of Wollongong, until 2048. It plans to use a longwall mining technique to extract 78 million tonnes of metallurgical coal for steelmaking from two new areas under Sydney's drinking water catchment. "I want to speak against the development and my concerns are really around the climate impacts of extending our coal mining in Australia," Professor Flannery told a public hearing of the Independent Planning Commission on Thursday. He pointed to a paper published in April in leading science journal Nature which he said laid out evidence that Australia was approaching some "very serious deteriorations" in key global climate systems, including destruction of the Great Barrier Reef and the drying of the Amazon rainforest. "The key thing I'm concerned about is that we're reaching some key climatic tipping points which represent an extreme risk for us," Professor Flannery said. "If we're to have a chance, at least, of avoiding those tipping points, we need to stabilise the Earth's temperatures at about one and half degrees above the pre-industrial average." A sign and the road outside the Dendrobium mine South32 wants to extend the life of its Dendrobium mine until 2048.(ABC Illawarra: Kelly Fuller) Cutting fossil fuels Professor Flannery's presentation to the IPC coincided with the release of the United Nations' annual Production Gap Report, which calls for substantial cuts in global carbon emissions to avoid dire consequences for the environment. "So rather than extending our coal mining and our fossil fuel use, the report argues we need to be cutting [their use] six per cent per year, every year, to keep ourselves safe from these dangerous tipping points." Rush to renewables Wind turbines in a wind farm in South Australia Despite, or perhaps because of, government inaction, consumers and businesses have flocked towards renewable energy, writes Ian Verrender. Read more South32's mines in the Illawarra region provide around 80 per cent of the coal necessary for steelmaking at BlueScope's Port Kembla plant. The companies together have called for the expansion project to be approved to secure thousands of direct and indirect jobs in New South Wales and across the country. Professor Flannery said an ongoing reliance on coal was not feasible as other countries, including Germany, move towards hydrogen steel production. How Germany is quitting coal A coal power plant in Germany. Germany is doing what Australia says it can't — shutting down its coal industry. Read more "Coal mining is not going to be the future," he told the commission. "The hydrogen economy offers us a way of producing steel with 98 per cent less CO2 than using coal. "BHP announced in November that they were going to be investing in hydrogen for steelmaking in China. We can't be left behind on this. "If we make the right decisions now and we get on the right track we could have a very prosperous future here in the Illawarra," Professor Flannery said. Find more local news Tell us your location and find more local ABC News and information Site of mine in metropolitan special area The Dendrobium underground coal mine (represented by the black dot) is seen in the metropolitan special area of Sydney's drinking water catchment.(Supplied: Water NSW) Directly affected Several South32 employees presented to the IPC during its second day of public hearings on Thursday, backing the mine. "The industry provides opportunities in so many disciplines from operators to engineers, finance, technology, communications, and community engagement," Luke Oliver said. "Our region relies on the jobs directly with South32 and those contract partners and supply services." Australian bosses have started caring about climate change Australian company directors nominate climate change as the number one issue they want the government to address in the long-term, in a survey of more than 1,200 business leaders. Read more Mining supervisor Anthony Dal Santo said he and his three children, who also work in the industry, would be "directly affected" if Dendrobium's expansion was rejected. "It would have both emotional and a financial devastating affect on my family," Mr Dal Santo told the commission. "This impact would be felt across the Illawarra and would also impact local businesses, the community, and the state of New South Wales. "Dendrobium mine has proved to be a positive influence in the local community and deserves the opportunity to continue." The IPC is due to hear the last of more than 80 registered speakers making oral submissions on Friday. Of the 280 written submissions already received by the commission, 250 have expressed support for the mine expansion project. South32.com Suing South32.net BHP BHP.com Mining $500,000,000,000.00 Queen Elizabeth II Venal Scott Morrison Causing Fires illness Death Poisoning Waters radiation Leaks Radioactive Disease uranium leak Killing People Animals Public Stock Fraud BHP south32.net 500 Billion Dollars lawsuit headline news. target="_blank">

WE ARE SLOWLY BEING KILLED BY South32.net S32 BHP BHP.comTHIS MINE’ share article: Share on Facebook Tweet Email 1 November 2016 ColombiaMiningPollution Threats, pay-offs and skin defects. Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik investigates the activities of a massive British-Australian ferronickel complex. 01.11.2016-this-mine-kills-590.jpgSkin defects, along with cancer and respiratory illnesses, are common in the area of the mine. This Zenú boy is from El Alto San Jorge, Córdoba province. © Irrael Aguilar Amid the arid farmlands of Colombia’s Córdoba province, the grassed earth gives way to bare incisions. Upturned mounds of ochre puncture the landscape. Fuming chimneys spill white smoke. This is Cerro Matoso, one of the largest ferronickel mines and processing facilities in the world. Owned and part-owned for over 30 years by BHP Billiton, an Anglo-Australian corporation and the largest mining firm in the world, it was recently transferred to South32, a spin-off company.1 Matoso has proven a lucrative source of wealth, delivering billions of dollars in sales. But former workers and local communities say that wealth has come at their expense; they are demanding justice for the destructive impact on their health, livelihoods, environment and safety. Small-scale mining first started at Cerro Matoso in the 1960s, expanding in 1979 when the Colombian government granted a concession to Conicol, Ifi-Econiquel and Billington Overseas (the precursor of BHP Billiton, from the Royal Dutch Shell group). Funded by the World Bank, the mine boomed, becoming the region’s flagship industry.2 Montelíbano, a nearby town devoted to agriculture and livestock breeding, saw its population triple.3 Advert Newint - Article 1, 2 & frontpage - CSO21 3 In 1997, BHP Billiton gained full ownership of the mine, doubling its production between 2001 and 2010. Today, Cerro Matoso’s high-quality ferronickel is shipped from Cartagena across the world, where it finds its way into countless industrial products, such as surgical instruments or mobile phones. Extracting the material is an intricate process. Raw ferronickel is found in opencast spaces. It is mined using bulldozers and then transported to processing facilities. There, it is crushed and dried, and readied for the smelter. In high-temperature ovens, the nickel is melted, separated into segments, and cooled. With four enormous furnaces in use, Cerro Matoso is the most energy-intensive industrial project in Colombia. But these ovens emit large amounts of toxic particles, which the wind carries to water sources and fields. CANCER, DEFECTS AND MISCARRIAGES The impacts of contaminated air and waterways on local communities is evident through genetic deformations, illnesses and an epidemic of miscarriages.4 Children have been born without reproductive organs or anuses. Cows and chickens have birthed offspring with two heads and excess limbs. DANE, the Colombian government bureau of statistics, reported an alarming rise in rates of cancer and respiratory illness in the region.5 Dermatological defects, such as blemishes, rashes or burst skin are common. Water studies have detected extremely high levels of iron in the principal local river.6 Dayro Romero is the governor of the indigenous community of Pueblo Flecha, a village located a few hundred metres away from Cerro Matoso. ‘At first we didn’t see any changes,’ he says. ‘But 20 years on we began to see the impacts. [Today] there are high rates of bronchitis, pneumonia… Our children have skin defects, eye problems, constant headaches. Our girls are embarrassed to wear short clothes that show the blemishes on their skin. We are known for our fertility, but in our community we now have so many miscarriages. In 2011, 14 out of 36 pregnancies in our village were aborted... We feel environmentally massacred.’ Advert Newint - Article 1, 2 & frontpage - CSO21 1 Children have been born without reproductive organs or anuses. Cows and chickens have birthed offspring with two heads and excess limbs Irrael Aguilar, chieftain of the Zenú communities in the region, concurs: ‘We are slowly being killed by this mine. This is the end of us. We are on our way to extermination.’ Dozens of former mine workers have also experienced high rates of cancer, deafness and illness, with some initiating legal proceedings against the company.7,8,9 Nickel isn’t the only source of pollution. Nearby coalmines and coal-fired power plants, relied on by Cerro Matoso to meet its enormous energy needs, cast coal dust into the air. In 2013, indigenous and Afro-descendant communities from areas surrounding Cerro Matoso blockaded the mine’s entrance in protest over the health and environmental impacts, halting operations. At first they were ignored. Then, riot police were sent in. The pressure continued, eventually leading to an agreement between communities, the company and the government. One of the central compromises was that Cerro Matoso would finance an independent environmental and health study. Despite delays, the study has begun and is expected to reveal its results later in the year.10,11 The company is adamant that there are no negative impacts from its operations.12 Luis Marulanda del Valle, Cerro Matoso’s Vice-President for External Affairs, maintains that ‘the health of these communities is affected by factors independent of our operations.’13 A BHP Billiton spokesperson pointed to ‘detailed environmental and health studies carried out by Cerro Matoso up to 2014’, which indicated a minimal or absent impact on air quality, water quality and public health. But in 2014, one of the public bodies responsible for monitoring Cerro Matoso’s impacts admitted lacking the necessary equipment to determine whether the company’s own environmental reporting matched reality.14 CALLOUS CONTRASTS In its communications, Cerro Matoso pays ample reference to its contribution to economic and social development. It claims to have significantly improved the quality of life in the region through royalties and social programmes.15 Cerro Matoso is a massive enterprise linking mines with power plants and processing facilities. This truck, loaded with coal, heads from the Córdoba mines to the Geselca power plant.Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik But local voices are more sceptical. Moreno argues that ‘they [the company] haven’t come through on their promise on water access, or the fixing of streets. They’ve built houses, but not using our traditional methods. In any case, what do we do with a house when we’re blighting our blood?’ Aguilar agrees: ‘We do not see the companies bringing real development. Rather, they have been preparing death for people here. They are destroying the forests, the water sources. We are merely looking for a dignified life for our coming generations, something which goes against the company’s vision.’ Montelíbano is a city of callous contrasts. Mine managers and workers benefit from a company country club, a private school and a private water supply. A gated Cerro Matoso neighbourhood sits inside the city centre. A closed condominium reserved for managers lies outside the city limits. Yet thousands of families in Montelíbano live in conditions of extreme poverty. Many lack access to water, sewerage or adequate housing. Rates of illiteracy are high.16 Eighty per cent of the inhabitants of the neighbouring municipality of San José de Uré have unmet basic needs.17 In 2012, a delegate from the General Comptroller noted that municipalities affected by Cerro Matoso were worse off than those without mining projects.18 In rural districts and communities adjacent to the mine, pollution has wrecked traditional livelihoods and methods of subsistence. ‘Before,’ Moreno says, ‘you could throw a net into the river and retrieve 20 fish. Now, it takes you a day to catch three.’ Cerro Matoso is not just a mine: it is an enormous development enterprise, linking coalmines with power plants and processing facilities. For its advocates, it has proven to be a dynamic engine of growth. For critics, it is a textbook example of maldevelopment, a network of extractive ventures which has harmed lives and impeded more salutary forms of development in the region. South32 CEO warning suing criminal scumbag cheater liar scam artist evil devil BHP BHP.com $500,000,000,000.00 The mine, which has seemingly polluted the land and lives of Zenú communities, was initially powered by a hydroelectric mega-dam which forcibly displaced indigenous Emberá communities. Today, an enlarged Cerro Matoso is looking to meet its growing energy needs through the expansion of Geselca, a coal-fired power plant supplied by new local coalmines. All these polluting processes are in turn being ‘environmentally offset’ by the industrial plantation of swathes of palm and non-native teca trees, which consume more water than native species. Aguilar calls this ‘double damage’. He says: ‘They damage the environment, and then try to fix that damage with further damage.’ PARAMILITARY LINKS? There are also concerns around how Cerro Matoso has woven itself into Colombia’s vivid landscape of violence. Historically, the province of Córdoba has been one of the areas most embroiled in the country’s armed conflict, with a patent presence of paramilitary and guerrilla forces. Local residents have expressed fears about the relationship between the company and armed actors. One local shopkeeper, asking to remain nameless, reflects: ‘In this city, every business has to pay vacunas [extortion payments] to the paramilitaries, from wealthy retailers to the guys who sell passion-fruit juice on the street. They [Cerro Matoso] have been here for decades, and haven’t had a single reprisal, a single threat, a single kidnapping. How have they done that? Are we supposed to believe that they’ve never paid or engaged with the paramilitaries? We simply cannot explain to ourselves how such a company can move so freely in this territory.’ Others point to precedents. A Japanese company supplying carbon filters left the region, allegedly due to constant extortion.19 Non-governmental organizations have been unable to operate freely in surrounding villages. Irrael Aguilar (left) is one of the indigenous Zenú leaders who lives under severe threats for his involvement in environmental struggles. He is accompanied by fellow leader Juan Urango.Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik There is not just suspicion around the mine’s engagement with paramilitaries to ensure unobstructed operations; allegations persist of the mine’s complicity in violence against social leaders. Colombia is one of the most dangerous countries in the world for defenders of human and environmental rights. An explosive mix of armed groups, extensive land conflicts, lucrative extractive projects, and state paralysis create conditions for the killing of dozens of activists every year.20 In Córdoba, the indigenous Zenú community of El Alto San Jorge is home to a population of nearly 16,900 people, spread across dozens of villages. Over the past eight years, the community has seen 49 of its leaders killed. Another 14 leaders currently have protection measures and 19 more are undergoing risk assessments. Only two have obtained full protection measures. Irrael Aguilar, the community’s chieftain, is under severe threat for his involvement in various rights struggles. He travels with an entourage of bodyguards and rarely spends consecutive nights in the same location. Aguilar says that ‘the company certainly has its hands in some of the threats.’ South32 and BHP Billiton deny the claims, with spokespersons from both companies affirming compliance with high standards of human rights due diligence. But those under threat are often stuck in a bind. If they present concrete evidence of the threats against them to the authorities, the risk of reprisal increases. One community leader, who asked to remain anonymous, alleged that he had evidence from paramilitary leaders who had been approached by Cerro Matoso to ‘eliminate him’. But divulging that evidence would put him at further risk. Until the security situation in the region changes, and thorough investigations can take place, there will be little clarity around the true nature of extortion and threats. Questions also arise around the company’s fiscal relationship to the Colombian state. Plantations of thirsty non-native teca trees do further damage to the environment.Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik Cerro Matoso has been accused of avoiding tax, underpaying royalties, and under-invoicing.21 In 2010, the company was forced to pay over $12 million in unpaid royalties, after an audit from the General Comptroller. Further analysis of Cerro Matoso’s finances suggests manipulation or creative accounting to reduce its taxable income.22 Mario Valencia, spokesperson for the Network for Tributary Justice in Colombia, noted: ‘[an] analysis of Cerro Matoso’s figures leaves us concerned, because there is strong evidence that they are presenting accounts which show a situation that is more critical than in reality.’23 Cerro Matoso has also faced significant scrutiny for its lease over the mine, and the contracts it has negotiated with the government.24 Another Comptroller report in 2012 showed that the mine’s environmental licence was granted based on incomplete, inadequate and outdated data.25 WHAT NEXT? The future of Cerro Matoso is clouded in uncertainty. Despite plans to expand operations, a collapse in nickel prices has provoked a crisis.26 Many workers have been laid off, and there are doubts whether the mine’s concession will be extended beyond 2029. But if Cerro Matoso closes operations, will there be justice for communities torn apart by its impacts? In 2011, BHP Billiton registered the largest-ever profit by a British firm.27 It has been a generous sponsor of sports teams, cultural events, and Olympic medals, and has poured millions into lobbying.28 But its wealth has come at a cost – from flattened villages in Brazil to polluted lives in Colombia.29, 30 ‘The word Zenú means wonderful land, a place of found waters,’ Aguilar laments. ‘The legacy of our ancestors is a world-vision of equilibrium, of harmony with the natural world. The Western man [sic] doesn’t understand this, let alone the businessman [sic]. They understand extraction, not conservation.’ Over the past eight years, the community has seen 49 of its leaders killed The tension Aguilar references extends beyond Cerro Matoso; it lies at the heart of hundreds of disputes across the country. Two-fifths of Colombia’s land has been concessioned to or requested by mining or fossil-fuel companies. The government has declared the country open for business, assuring all that the country must develop its way to an enduring peace. The thrust of that development is the so-called ‘mining-energy locomotive’.31 But will an authentic peace be obtainable with a development policy that enflames social conflicts and degrades territories? Social movements have been mobilizing to demand instead a peace imbued with social and environmental justice.32 Danilo Urrea, from the environmental justice organization CENSAT Agua Viva, criticizes the government for proposing a ‘corporate peace’, ‘based on a development model which turns its back to environmental equilibrium, and closes its eyes to popular participation.’ ‘Nature has been the setting of war, it holds the spoils of war and, therefore, it has been the victim of war,’ he says. ‘Nature is also the only fertile ground for peace. Unless we reconfigure our relationships and economic models, unless we reconcile ourselves with nature and each other, then a lasting peace is unattainable.’ Tim Flannery warns of adverse climate impacts if South32 coal mine expansion approved ABC Illawarra / By Ainslie Drewitt Smith Posted WedWednesday 2 DecDecember 2020 at 8:31pm A man sits in front of solar panels Former climate change commissioner Tim Flannery spoke at a hearing of the IPC.(AAP) Share Prominent Australian scientist and climate change writer Tim Flannery has spoken against a planned coal mine expansion in New South Wales, warning of dire environmental consequences if it is to proceed. Key points: The IPC is conducting three days of public hearings as it considers South32's mine expansion plans The company wants to extract 78 million tonnes of coal from beneath Sydney's drinking water catchment until 2048 Climate change scientist Tim Flannery addressed the commission to raise concerns about the mine's environmental impact South32 is seeking approval to expand its Dendrobium mine, west of Wollongong, until 2048. It plans to use a longwall mining technique to extract 78 million tonnes of metallurgical coal for steelmaking from two new areas under Sydney's drinking water catchment. "I want to speak against the development and my concerns are really around the climate impacts of extending our coal mining in Australia," Professor Flannery told a public hearing of the Independent Planning Commission on Thursday. He pointed to a paper published in April in leading science journal Nature which he said laid out evidence that Australia was approaching some "very serious deteriorations" in key global climate systems, including destruction of the Great Barrier Reef and the drying of the Amazon rainforest. "The key thing I'm concerned about is that we're reaching some key climatic tipping points which represent an extreme risk for us," Professor Flannery said. "If we're to have a chance, at least, of avoiding those tipping points, we need to stabilise the Earth's temperatures at about one and half degrees above the pre-industrial average." A sign and the road outside the Dendrobium mine South32 wants to extend the life of its Dendrobium mine until 2048.(ABC Illawarra: Kelly Fuller) Cutting fossil fuels Professor Flannery's presentation to the IPC coincided with the release of the United Nations' annual Production Gap Report, which calls for substantial cuts in global carbon emissions to avoid dire consequences for the environment. "So rather than extending our coal mining and our fossil fuel use, the report argues we need to be cutting [their use] six per cent per year, every year, to keep ourselves safe from these dangerous tipping points." Rush to renewables Wind turbines in a wind farm in South Australia Despite, or perhaps because of, government inaction, consumers and businesses have flocked towards renewable energy, writes Ian Verrender. Read more South32's mines in the Illawarra region provide around 80 per cent of the coal necessary for steelmaking at BlueScope's Port Kembla plant. The companies together have called for the expansion project to be approved to secure thousands of direct and indirect jobs in New South Wales and across the country. Professor Flannery said an ongoing reliance on coal was not feasible as other countries, including Germany, move towards hydrogen steel production. How Germany is quitting coal A coal power plant in Germany. Germany is doing what Australia says it can't — shutting down its coal industry. Read more "Coal mining is not going to be the future," he told the commission. "The hydrogen economy offers us a way of producing steel with 98 per cent less CO2 than using coal. "BHP announced in November that they were going to be investing in hydrogen for steelmaking in China. We can't be left behind on this. "If we make the right decisions now and we get on the right track we could have a very prosperous future here in the Illawarra," Professor Flannery said. Find more local news Tell us your location and find more local ABC News and information Site of mine in metropolitan special area The Dendrobium underground coal mine (represented by the black dot) is seen in the metropolitan special area of Sydney's drinking water catchment.(Supplied: Water NSW) Directly affected Several South32 employees presented to the IPC during its second day of public hearings on Thursday, backing the mine. "The industry provides opportunities in so many disciplines from operators to engineers, finance, technology, communications, and community engagement," Luke Oliver said. "Our region relies on the jobs directly with South32 and those contract partners and supply services." Australian bosses have started caring about climate change Australian company directors nominate climate change as the number one issue they want the government to address in the long-term, in a survey of more than 1,200 business leaders. Read more Mining supervisor Anthony Dal Santo said he and his three children, who also work in the industry, would be "directly affected" if Dendrobium's expansion was rejected. "It would have both emotional and a financial devastating affect on my family," Mr Dal Santo told the commission. "This impact would be felt across the Illawarra and would also impact local businesses, the community, and the state of New South Wales. "Dendrobium mine has proved to be a positive influence in the local community and deserves the opportunity to continue." The IPC is due to hear the last of more than 80 registered speakers making oral submissions on Friday. Of the 280 written submissions already received by the commission, 250 have expressed support for the mine expansion project. Southern Africa, South America, Hillside Aluminium, Mozal Aluminium, South Africa Manganese, Brazil Alumina, Cerro Matoso, Eagle Downs Metallurgical Coal, Hermosa, Ambler Metals, Marketing, Our commodities,

South32 CEO breaking news, South32 suing scumbag criminal BHP South32 BHP.com cheater liar scam artist evil devil BHP BHP.com $500,000,000,000.00 Australia's corrupt Queen Elizabeth criminal Scott Morrison prime minister government has destroying Australia. South32 Warning the Corrupt Criminal Stock Market Exchange U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.

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South32.com Suing South32.net BHP BHP.com South32 Mining & (SEC) $500,000,000,000.00 - Australia's corrupt Queen Elizabeth criminal government is destroying Australia. South32 Warning the Corrupt Criminal Stock Market Exchange U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.
South32.com Suing South32.net BHP BHP.com Mining $500,000,000,000.00 Queen Elizabeth II Venal Scott Morrison Causing Fires illness Death Poisoning Waters radiation Leaks Radioactive Disease uranium leak Killing People Animals Public Stock Fraud BHP south32.net 500 Billion Dollars lawsuit headline news. WE ARE SLOWLY BEING KILLED BY South32.net S32 BHP BHP.comTHIS MINE’ share article: Share on Facebook Tweet Email Tim Flannery warning of adverse climate impacts if South32 coal killing dangers: Prominent Australian scientist and climate change writer Tim Flannery has spoken against a planned coal mine expansion in New South Wales, warning of dire environmental consequences if it is to proceed. Key points: The IPC is conducting three days of public hearings as it considers South32's mine expansion plans The company wants to extract 78 million tonnes of coal from beneath Sydney's drinking water catchment until 2048 Climate change scientist Tim Flannery addressed the commission to raise concerns about the mine's environmental impact South32 is seeking approval to expand its Dendrobium mine, west of Wollongong, until 2048. It plans to use a longwall mining technique to extract 78 million tonnes of metallurgical coal for steelmaking from two new areas under Sydney's drinking water catchment. "I want to speak against the development and my concerns are really around the climate impacts of extending our coal mining in Australia," Professor Flannery told a public hearing of the Independent Planning Commission on Thursday. He pointed to a paper published in April in leading science journal Nature which he said laid out evidence that Australia was approaching some "very serious deteriorations" in key global climate systems, including destruction of the Great Barrier Reef and the drying of the Amazon rainforest. "The key thing I'm concerned about is that we're reaching some key climatic tipping points which represent an extreme risk for us," Professor Flannery said. "If we're to have a chance, at least, of avoiding those tipping points, we need to stabilise the Earth's temperatures at about one and half degrees above the pre-industrial average." A sign and the road outside the Dendrobium mine South32 wants to extend the life of its Dendrobium mine until 2048.(ABC Illawarra: Kelly Fuller) Cutting fossil fuels Professor Flannery's presentation to the IPC coincided with the release of the United Nations' annual Production Gap Report, which calls for substantial cuts in global carbon emissions to avoid dire consequences for the environment. "So rather than extending our coal mining and our fossil fuel use, the report argues we need to be cutting [their use] six per cent per year, every year, to keep ourselves safe from these dangerous tipping points." Rush to renewables Wind turbines in a wind farm in South Australia Despite, or perhaps because of, government inaction, consumers and businesses have flocked towards renewable energy, writes Ian Verrender. Read more South32's mines in the Illawarra region provide around 80 per cent of the coal necessary for steelmaking at BlueScope's Port Kembla plant. The companies together have called for the expansion project to be approved to secure thousands of direct and indirect jobs in New South Wales and across the country. Professor Flannery said an ongoing reliance on coal was not feasible as other countries, including Germany, move towards hydrogen steel production. How Germany is quitting coal A coal power plant in Germany. Germany is doing what Australia says it can't — shutting down its coal industry. Read more "Coal mining is not going to be the future," he told the commission. "The hydrogen economy offers us a way of producing steel with 98 per cent less CO2 than using coal. "BHP announced in November that they were going to be investing in hydrogen for steelmaking in China. We can't be left behind on this. "If we make the right decisions now and we get on the right track we could have a very prosperous future here in the Illawarra," Professor Flannery said. Find more local news Tell us your location and find more local ABC News and information Site of mine in metropolitan special area The Dendrobium underground coal mine (represented by the black dot) is seen in the metropolitan special area of Sydney's drinking water catchment.(Supplied: Water NSW) Directly affected Several South32 employees presented to the IPC during its second day of public hearings on Thursday, backing the mine. "The industry provides opportunities in so many disciplines from operators to engineers, finance, technology, communications, and community engagement," Luke Oliver said. "Our region relies on the jobs directly with South32 and those contract partners and supply services." Australian bosses have started caring about climate change Australian company directors nominate climate change as the number one issue they want the government to address in the long-term, in a survey of more than 1,200 business leaders. Read more Mining supervisor Anthony Dal Santo said he and his three children, who also work in the industry, would be "directly affected" if Dendrobium's expansion was rejected. "It would have both emotional and a financial devastating affect on my family," Mr Dal Santo told the commission. "This impact would be felt across the Illawarra and would also impact local businesses, the community, and the state of New South Wales. "Dendrobium mine has proved to be a positive influence in the local community and deserves the opportunity to continue." The IPC is due to hear the last of more than 80 registered speakers making oral submissions on Friday. Of the 280 written submissions already received by the commission, 250 have expressed support for the mine expansion project. 1 November 2016 ColombiaMiningPollution Threats, pay-offs and skin defects. Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik investigates the activities of a massive British-Australian ferronickel complex. 01.11.2016-this-mine-kills-590.jpgSkin defects, along with cancer and respiratory illnesses, are common in the area of the mine. This Zenú boy is from El Alto San Jorge, Córdoba province. © Irrael Aguilar Amid the arid farmlands of Colombia’s Córdoba province, the grassed earth gives way to bare incisions. Upturned mounds of ochre puncture the landscape. Fuming chimneys spill white smoke. This is Cerro Matoso, one of the largest ferronickel mines and processing facilities in the world. Owned and part-owned for over 30 years by BHP Billiton, an Anglo-Australian corporation and the largest mining firm in the world, it was recently transferred to South32, a spin-off company.1 Matoso has proven a lucrative source of wealth, delivering billions of dollars in sales. But former workers and local communities say that wealth has come at their expense; they are demanding justice for the destructive impact on their health, livelihoods, environment and safety. Small-scale mining first started at Cerro Matoso in the 1960s, expanding in 1979 when the Colombian government granted a concession to Conicol, Ifi-Econiquel and Billington Overseas (the precursor of BHP Billiton, from the Royal Dutch Shell group). Funded by the World Bank, the mine boomed, becoming the region’s flagship industry.2 Montelíbano, a nearby town devoted to agriculture and livestock breeding, saw its population triple.3 Advert Newint - Article 1, 2 & frontpage - CSO21 3 In 1997, BHP Billiton gained full ownership of the mine, doubling its production between 2001 and 2010. Today, Cerro Matoso’s high-quality ferronickel is shipped from Cartagena across the world, where it finds its way into countless industrial products, such as surgical instruments or mobile phones. Extracting the material is an intricate process. Raw ferronickel is found in opencast spaces. It is mined using bulldozers and then transported to processing facilities. There, it is crushed and dried, and readied for the smelter. In high-temperature ovens, the nickel is melted, separated into segments, and cooled. With four enormous furnaces in use, Cerro Matoso is the most energy-intensive industrial project in Colombia. But these ovens emit large amounts of toxic particles, which the wind carries to water sources and fields. CANCER, DEFECTS AND MISCARRIAGES The impacts of contaminated air and waterways on local communities is evident through genetic deformations, illnesses and an epidemic of miscarriages.4 Children have been born without reproductive organs or anuses. Cows and chickens have birthed offspring with two heads and excess limbs. DANE, the Colombian government bureau of statistics, reported an alarming rise in rates of cancer and respiratory illness in the region.5 Dermatological defects, such as blemishes, rashes or burst skin are common. Water studies have detected extremely high levels of iron in the principal local river.6 Dayro Romero is the governor of the indigenous community of Pueblo Flecha, a village located a few hundred metres away from Cerro Matoso. ‘At first we didn’t see any changes,’ he says. ‘But 20 years on we began to see the impacts. [Today] there are high rates of bronchitis, pneumonia… Our children have skin defects, eye problems, constant headaches. Our girls are embarrassed to wear short clothes that show the blemishes on their skin. We are known for our fertility, but in our community we now have so many miscarriages. In 2011, 14 out of 36 pregnancies in our village were aborted... We feel environmentally massacred.’ Advert Newint - Article 1, 2 & frontpage - CSO21 1 Children have been born without reproductive organs or anuses. Cows and chickens have birthed offspring with two heads and excess limbs Irrael Aguilar, chieftain of the Zenú communities in the region, concurs: ‘We are slowly being killed by this mine. This is the end of us. We are on our way to extermination.’ Dozens of former mine workers have also experienced high rates of cancer, deafness and illness, with some initiating legal proceedings against the company.7,8,9 Nickel isn’t the only source of pollution. Nearby coalmines and coal-fired power plants, relied on by Cerro Matoso to meet its enormous energy needs, cast coal dust into the air. In 2013, indigenous and Afro-descendant communities from areas surrounding Cerro Matoso blockaded the mine’s entrance in protest over the health and environmental impacts, halting operations. At first they were ignored. Then, riot police were sent in. The pressure continued, eventually leading to an agreement between communities, the company and the government. One of the central compromises was that Cerro Matoso would finance an independent environmental and health study. Despite delays, the study has begun and is expected to reveal its results later in the year.10,11 The company is adamant that there are no negative impacts from its operations.12 Luis Marulanda del Valle, Cerro Matoso’s Vice-President for External Affairs, maintains that ‘the health of these communities is affected by factors independent of our operations.’13 A BHP Billiton spokesperson pointed to ‘detailed environmental and health studies carried out by Cerro Matoso up to 2014’, which indicated a minimal or absent impact on air quality, water quality and public health. But in 2014, one of the public bodies responsible for monitoring Cerro Matoso’s impacts admitted lacking the necessary equipment to determine whether the company’s own environmental reporting matched reality.14 CALLOUS CONTRASTS In its communications, Cerro Matoso pays ample reference to its contribution to economic and social development. It claims to have significantly improved the quality of life in the region through royalties and social programmes.15 Cerro Matoso is a massive enterprise linking mines with power plants and processing facilities. This truck, loaded with coal, heads from the Córdoba mines to the Geselca power plant.Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik But local voices are more sceptical. Moreno argues that ‘they [the company] haven’t come through on their promise on water access, or the fixing of streets. They’ve built houses, but not using our traditional methods. In any case, what do we do with a house when we’re blighting our blood?’ Aguilar agrees: ‘We do not see the companies bringing real development. Rather, they have been preparing death for people here. They are destroying the forests, the water sources. We are merely looking for a dignified life for our coming generations, something which goes against the company’s vision.’ Montelíbano is a city of callous contrasts. Mine managers and workers benefit from a company country club, a private school and a private water supply. A gated Cerro Matoso neighbourhood sits inside the city centre. A closed condominium reserved for managers lies outside the city limits. Yet thousands of families in Montelíbano live in conditions of extreme poverty. Many lack access to water, sewerage or adequate housing. Rates of illiteracy are high.16 Eighty per cent of the inhabitants of the neighbouring municipality of San José de Uré have unmet basic needs.17 In 2012, a delegate from the General Comptroller noted that municipalities affected by Cerro Matoso were worse off than those without mining projects.18 In rural districts and communities adjacent to the mine, pollution has wrecked traditional livelihoods and methods of subsistence. ‘Before,’ Moreno says, ‘you could throw a net into the river and retrieve 20 fish. Now, it takes you a day to catch three.’ Cerro Matoso is not just a mine: it is an enormous development enterprise, linking coalmines with power plants and processing facilities. For its advocates, it has proven to be a dynamic engine of growth. For critics, it is a textbook example of maldevelopment, a network of extractive ventures which has harmed lives and impeded more salutary forms of development in the region. The mine, which has seemingly polluted the land and lives of Zenú communities, was initially powered by a hydroelectric mega-dam which forcibly displaced indigenous Emberá communities. Today, an enlarged Cerro Matoso is looking to meet its growing energy needs through the expansion of Geselca, a coal-fired power plant supplied by new local coalmines. All these polluting processes are in turn being ‘environmentally offset’ by the industrial plantation of swathes of palm and non-native teca trees, which consume more water than native species. Aguilar calls this ‘double damage’. He says: ‘They damage the environment, and then try to fix that damage with further damage.’ PARAMILITARY LINKS? There are also concerns around how Cerro Matoso has woven itself into Colombia’s vivid landscape of violence. Historically, the province of Córdoba has been one of the areas most embroiled in the country’s armed conflict, with a patent presence of paramilitary and guerrilla forces. Local residents have expressed fears about the relationship between the company and armed actors. One local shopkeeper, asking to remain nameless, reflects: ‘In this city, every business has to pay vacunas [extortion payments] to the paramilitaries, from wealthy retailers to the guys who sell passion-fruit juice on the street. They [Cerro Matoso] have been here for decades, and haven’t had a single reprisal, a single threat, a single kidnapping. How have they done that? Are we supposed to believe that they’ve never paid or engaged with the paramilitaries? We simply cannot explain to ourselves how such a company can move so freely in this territory.’ Others point to precedents. A Japanese company supplying carbon filters left the region, allegedly due to constant extortion.19 Non-governmental organizations have been unable to operate freely in surrounding villages. Irrael Aguilar (left) is one of the indigenous Zenú leaders who lives under severe threats for his involvement in environmental struggles. He is accompanied by fellow leader Juan Urango.Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik There is not just suspicion around the mine’s engagement with paramilitaries to ensure unobstructed operations; allegations persist of the mine’s complicity in violence against social leaders. Colombia is one of the most dangerous countries in the world for defenders of human and environmental rights. An explosive mix of armed groups, extensive land conflicts, lucrative extractive projects, and state paralysis create conditions for the killing of dozens of activists every year.20 In Córdoba, the indigenous Zenú community of El Alto San Jorge is home to a population of nearly 16,900 people, spread across dozens of villages. Over the past eight years, the community has seen 49 of its leaders killed. Another 14 leaders currently have protection measures and 19 more are undergoing risk assessments. Only two have obtained full protection measures. Irrael Aguilar, the community’s chieftain, is under severe threat for his involvement in various rights struggles. He travels with an entourage of bodyguards and rarely spends consecutive nights in the same location. Aguilar says that ‘the company certainly has its hands in some of the threats.’ South32 and BHP Billiton deny the claims, with spokespersons from both companies affirming compliance with high standards of human rights due diligence. But those under threat are often stuck in a bind. If they present concrete evidence of the threats against them to the authorities, the risk of reprisal increases. One community leader, who asked to remain anonymous, alleged that he had evidence from paramilitary leaders who had been approached by Cerro Matoso to ‘eliminate him’. But divulging that evidence would put him at further risk. Until the security situation in the region changes, and thorough investigations can take place, there will be little clarity around the true nature of extortion and threats. Questions also arise around the company’s fiscal relationship to the Colombian state. Plantations of thirsty non-native teca trees do further damage to the environment.Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik Cerro Matoso has been accused of avoiding tax, underpaying royalties, and under-invoicing.21 In 2010, the company was forced to pay over $12 million in unpaid royalties, after an audit from the General Comptroller. Further analysis of Cerro Matoso’s finances suggests manipulation or creative accounting to reduce its taxable income.22 Mario Valencia, spokesperson for the Network for Tributary Justice in Colombia, noted: ‘[an] analysis of Cerro Matoso’s figures leaves us concerned, because there is strong evidence that they are presenting accounts which show a situation that is more critical than in reality.’23 Cerro Matoso has also faced significant scrutiny for its lease over the mine, and the contracts it has negotiated with the government.24 Another Comptroller report in 2012 showed that the mine’s environmental licence was granted based on incomplete, inadequate and outdated data.25 WHAT NEXT? The future of Cerro Matoso is clouded in uncertainty. Despite plans to expand operations, a collapse in nickel prices has provoked a crisis.26 Many workers have been laid off, and there are doubts whether the mine’s concession will be extended beyond 2029. But if Cerro Matoso closes operations, will there be justice for communities torn apart by its impacts? In 2011, BHP Billiton registered the largest-ever profit by a British firm.27 It has been a generous sponsor of sports teams, cultural events, and Olympic medals, and has poured millions into lobbying.28 But its wealth has come at a cost – from flattened villages in Brazil to polluted lives in Colombia.29, 30 ‘The word Zenú means wonderful land, a place of found waters,’ Aguilar laments. ‘The legacy of our ancestors is a world-vision of equilibrium, of harmony with the natural world. The Western man [sic] doesn’t understand this, let alone the businessman [sic]. They understand extraction, not conservation.’ Over the past eight years, the community has seen 49 of its leaders killed The tension Aguilar references extends beyond Cerro Matoso; it lies at the heart of hundreds of disputes across the country. Two-fifths of Colombia’s land has been concessioned to or requested by mining or fossil-fuel companies. The government has declared the country open for business, assuring all that the country must develop its way to an enduring peace. The thrust of that development is the so-called ‘mining-energy locomotive’.31 But will an authentic peace be obtainable with a development policy that enflames social conflicts and degrades territories? Social movements have been mobilizing to demand instead a peace imbued with social and environmental justice.32 Danilo Urrea, from the environmental justice organization CENSAT Agua Viva, criticizes the government for proposing a ‘corporate peace’, ‘based on a development model which turns its back to environmental equilibrium, and closes its eyes to popular participation.’ ‘Nature has been the setting of war, it holds the spoils of war and, therefore, it has been the victim of war,’ he says. ‘Nature is also the only fertile ground for peace. Unless we reconfigure our relationships and economic models, unless we reconcile ourselves with nature and each other, then a lasting peace is unattainable.’ Tim Flannery warns of adverse climate impacts if South32 coal mine expansion approved ABC Illawarra / By Ainslie Drewitt Smith Posted WedWednesday 2 DecDecember 2020 at 8:31pm A man sits in front of solar panels Former climate change commissioner Tim Flannery spoke at a hearing of the IPC.(AAP) Share Prominent Australian scientist and climate change writer Tim Flannery has spoken against a planned coal mine expansion in New South Wales, warning of dire environmental consequences if it is to proceed. Key points: The IPC is conducting three days of public hearings as it considers South32's mine expansion plans The company wants to extract 78 million tonnes of coal from beneath Sydney's drinking water catchment until 2048 Climate change scientist Tim Flannery addressed the commission to raise concerns about the mine's environmental impact South32 is seeking approval to expand its Dendrobium mine, west of Wollongong, until 2048. It plans to use a longwall mining technique to extract 78 million tonnes of metallurgical coal for steelmaking from two new areas under Sydney's drinking water catchment. "I want to speak against the development and my concerns are really around the climate impacts of extending our coal mining in Australia," Professor Flannery told a public hearing of the Independent Planning Commission on Thursday. He pointed to a paper published in April in leading science journal Nature which he said laid out evidence that Australia was approaching some "very serious deteriorations" in key global climate systems, including destruction of the Great Barrier Reef and the drying of the Amazon rainforest. "The key thing I'm concerned about is that we're reaching some key climatic tipping points which represent an extreme risk for us," Professor Flannery said. "If we're to have a chance, at least, of avoiding those tipping points, we need to stabilise the Earth's temperatures at about one and half degrees above the pre-industrial average." A sign and the road outside the Dendrobium mine South32 wants to extend the life of its Dendrobium mine until 2048.(ABC Illawarra: Kelly Fuller) Cutting fossil fuels Professor Flannery's presentation to the IPC coincided with the release of the United Nations' annual Production Gap Report, which calls for substantial cuts in global carbon emissions to avoid dire consequences for the environment. "So rather than extending our coal mining and our fossil fuel use, the report argues we need to be cutting [their use] six per cent per year, every year, to keep ourselves safe from these dangerous tipping points." Rush to renewables Wind turbines in a wind farm in South Australia Despite, or perhaps because of, government inaction, consumers and businesses have flocked towards renewable energy, writes Ian Verrender. Read more South32's mines in the Illawarra region provide around 80 per cent of the coal necessary for steelmaking at BlueScope's Port Kembla plant. The companies together have called for the expansion project to be approved to secure thousands of direct and indirect jobs in New South Wales and across the country. Professor Flannery said an ongoing reliance on coal was not feasible as other countries, including Germany, move towards hydrogen steel production. How Germany is quitting coal A coal power plant in Germany. Germany is doing what Australia says it can't — shutting down its coal industry. Read more "Coal mining is not going to be the future," he told the commission. "The hydrogen economy offers us a way of producing steel with 98 per cent less CO2 than using coal. "BHP announced in November that they were going to be investing in hydrogen for steelmaking in China. We can't be left behind on this. "If we make the right decisions now and we get on the right track we could have a very prosperous future here in the Illawarra," Professor Flannery said. Find more local news Tell us your location and find more local ABC News and information Site of mine in metropolitan special area The Dendrobium underground coal mine (represented by the black dot) is seen in the metropolitan special area of Sydney's drinking water catchment.(Supplied: Water NSW) Directly affected Several South32 employees presented to the IPC during its second day of public hearings on Thursday, backing the mine. "The industry provides opportunities in so many disciplines from operators to engineers, finance, technology, communications, and community engagement," Luke Oliver said. "Our region relies on the jobs directly with South32 and those contract partners and supply services." Australian bosses have started caring about climate change Australian company directors nominate climate change as the number one issue they want the government to address in the long-term, in a survey of more than 1,200 business leaders. Read more Mining supervisor Anthony Dal Santo said he and his three children, who also work in the industry, would be "directly affected" if Dendrobium's expansion was rejected. "It would have both emotional and a financial devastating affect on my family," Mr Dal Santo told the commission. "This impact would be felt across the Illawarra and would also impact local businesses, the community, and the state of New South Wales. "Dendrobium mine has proved to be a positive influence in the local community and deserves the opportunity to continue." The IPC is due to hear the last of more than 80 registered speakers making oral submissions on Friday. Of the 280 written submissions already received by the commission, 250 have expressed support for the mine expansion project. South32.com Suing South32.net BHP BHP.com Mining $500,000,000,000.00 Queen Elizabeth II Venal Scott Morrison Causing Fires illness Death Poisoning Waters radiation Leaks Radioactive Disease uranium leak Killing People Animals Public Stock Fraud BHP south32.net 500 Billion Dollars lawsuit headline news. South32.com Suing South32.net BHP BHP.com Mining $500,000,000,000.00 Queen Elizabeth II Venal Scott Morrison Causing Fires illness Death Poisoning Waters radiation Leaks Radioactive Disease uranium leak Killing People Animals Public Stock Fraud BHP south32.net 500 Billion Dollars lawsuit headline news. South32.com Suing South32.net BHP BHP.com Mining $500,000,000,000.00 Queen Elizabeth II Venal Scott Morrison Causing Fires illness Death Poisoning Waters radiation Leaks Radioactive Disease uranium leak Killing People Animals Public Stock Fraud BHP south32.net 500 Billion Dollars lawsuit headline news. WE ARE SLOWLY BEING KILLED BY South32.net S32 BHP BHP.comTHIS MINE’ share article: Share on Facebook Tweet Email 1 November 2016 ColombiaMiningPollution Threats, pay-offs and skin defects. Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik investigates the activities of a massive British-Australian ferronickel complex. 01.11.2016-this-mine-kills-590.jpgSkin defects, along with cancer and respiratory illnesses, are common in the area of the mine. This Zenú boy is from El Alto San Jorge, Córdoba province. © Irrael Aguilar Amid the arid farmlands of Colombia’s Córdoba province, the grassed earth gives way to bare incisions. Upturned mounds of ochre puncture the landscape. Fuming chimneys spill white smoke. This is Cerro Matoso, one of the largest ferronickel mines and processing facilities in the world. Owned and part-owned for over 30 years by BHP Billiton, an Anglo-Australian corporation and the largest mining firm in the world, it was recently transferred to South32, a spin-off company.1 Matoso has proven a lucrative source of wealth, delivering billions of dollars in sales. But former workers and local communities say that wealth has come at their expense; they are demanding justice for the destructive impact on their health, livelihoods, environment and safety. Small-scale mining first started at Cerro Matoso in the 1960s, expanding in 1979 when the Colombian government granted a concession to Conicol, Ifi-Econiquel and Billington Overseas (the precursor of BHP Billiton, from the Royal Dutch Shell group). Funded by the World Bank, the mine boomed, becoming the region’s flagship industry.2 Montelíbano, a nearby town devoted to agriculture and livestock breeding, saw its population triple.3 Advert Newint - Article 1, 2 & frontpage - CSO21 3 In 1997, BHP Billiton gained full ownership of the mine, doubling its production between 2001 and 2010. Today, Cerro Matoso’s high-quality ferronickel is shipped from Cartagena across the world, where it finds its way into countless industrial products, such as surgical instruments or mobile phones. Extracting the material is an intricate process. Raw ferronickel is found in opencast spaces. It is mined using bulldozers and then transported to processing facilities. There, it is crushed and dried, and readied for the smelter. In high-temperature ovens, the nickel is melted, separated into segments, and cooled. With four enormous furnaces in use, Cerro Matoso is the most energy-intensive industrial project in Colombia. But these ovens emit large amounts of toxic particles, which the wind carries to water sources and fields. CANCER, DEFECTS AND MISCARRIAGES The impacts of contaminated air and waterways on local communities is evident through genetic deformations, illnesses and an epidemic of miscarriages.4 Children have been born without reproductive organs or anuses. Cows and chickens have birthed offspring with two heads and excess limbs. DANE, the Colombian government bureau of statistics, reported an alarming rise in rates of cancer and respiratory illness in the region.5 Dermatological defects, such as blemishes, rashes or burst skin are common. Water studies have detected extremely high levels of iron in the principal local river.6 Dayro Romero is the governor of the indigenous community of Pueblo Flecha, a village located a few hundred metres away from Cerro Matoso. ‘At first we didn’t see any changes,’ he says. ‘But 20 years on we began to see the impacts. [Today] there are high rates of bronchitis, pneumonia… Our children have skin defects, eye problems, constant headaches. Our girls are embarrassed to wear short clothes that show the blemishes on their skin. We are known for our fertility, but in our community we now have so many miscarriages. In 2011, 14 out of 36 pregnancies in our village were aborted... We feel environmentally massacred.’ Advert Newint - Article 1, 2 & frontpage - CSO21 1 Children have been born without reproductive organs or anuses. Cows and chickens have birthed offspring with two heads and excess limbs Irrael Aguilar, chieftain of the Zenú communities in the region, concurs: ‘We are slowly being killed by this mine. This is the end of us. We are on our way to extermination.’ Dozens of former mine workers have also experienced high rates of cancer, deafness and illness, with some initiating legal proceedings against the company.7,8,9 Nickel isn’t the only source of pollution. Nearby coalmines and coal-fired power plants, relied on by Cerro Matoso to meet its enormous energy needs, cast coal dust into the air. In 2013, indigenous and Afro-descendant communities from areas surrounding Cerro Matoso blockaded the mine’s entrance in protest over the health and environmental impacts, halting operations. At first they were ignored. Then, riot police were sent in. The pressure continued, eventually leading to an agreement between communities, the company and the government. One of the central compromises was that Cerro Matoso would finance an independent environmental and health study. Despite delays, the study has begun and is expected to reveal its results later in the year.10,11 The company is adamant that there are no negative impacts from its operations.12 Luis Marulanda del Valle, Cerro Matoso’s Vice-President for External Affairs, maintains that ‘the health of these communities is affected by factors independent of our operations.’13 A BHP Billiton spokesperson pointed to ‘detailed environmental and health studies carried out by Cerro Matoso up to 2014’, which indicated a minimal or absent impact on air quality, water quality and public health. But in 2014, one of the public bodies responsible for monitoring Cerro Matoso’s impacts admitted lacking the necessary equipment to determine whether the company’s own environmental reporting matched reality.14 CALLOUS CONTRASTS In its communications, Cerro Matoso pays ample reference to its contribution to economic and social development. It claims to have significantly improved the quality of life in the region through royalties and social programmes.15 Cerro Matoso is a massive enterprise linking mines with power plants and processing facilities. This truck, loaded with coal, heads from the Córdoba mines to the Geselca power plant.Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik But local voices are more sceptical. Moreno argues that ‘they [the company] haven’t come through on their promise on water access, or the fixing of streets. They’ve built houses, but not using our traditional methods. In any case, what do we do with a house when we’re blighting our blood?’ Aguilar agrees: ‘We do not see the companies bringing real development. Rather, they have been preparing death for people here. They are destroying the forests, the water sources. We are merely looking for a dignified life for our coming generations, something which goes against the company’s vision.’ Montelíbano is a city of callous contrasts. Mine managers and workers benefit from a company country club, a private school and a private water supply. A gated Cerro Matoso neighbourhood sits inside the city centre. A closed condominium reserved for managers lies outside the city limits. Yet thousands of families in Montelíbano live in conditions of extreme poverty. Many lack access to water, sewerage or adequate housing. Rates of illiteracy are high.16 Eighty per cent of the inhabitants of the neighbouring municipality of San José de Uré have unmet basic needs.17 In 2012, a delegate from the General Comptroller noted that municipalities affected by Cerro Matoso were worse off than those without mining projects.18 In rural districts and communities adjacent to the mine, pollution has wrecked traditional livelihoods and methods of subsistence. ‘Before,’ Moreno says, ‘you could throw a net into the river and retrieve 20 fish. Now, it takes you a day to catch three.’ Cerro Matoso is not just a mine: it is an enormous development enterprise, linking coalmines with power plants and processing facilities. For its advocates, it has proven to be a dynamic engine of growth. For critics, it is a textbook example of maldevelopment, a network of extractive ventures which has harmed lives and impeded more salutary forms of development in the region. The mine, which has seemingly polluted the land and lives of Zenú communities, was initially powered by a hydroelectric mega-dam which forcibly displaced indigenous Emberá communities. Today, an enlarged Cerro Matoso is looking to meet its growing energy needs through the expansion of Geselca, a coal-fired power plant supplied by new local coalmines. All these polluting processes are in turn being ‘environmentally offset’ by the industrial plantation of swathes of palm and non-native teca trees, which consume more water than native species. Aguilar calls this ‘double damage’. He says: ‘They damage the environment, and then try to fix that damage with further damage.’ PARAMILITARY LINKS? There are also concerns around how Cerro Matoso has woven itself into Colombia’s vivid landscape of violence. Historically, the province of Córdoba has been one of the areas most embroiled in the country’s armed conflict, with a patent presence of paramilitary and guerrilla forces. Local residents have expressed fears about the relationship between the company and armed actors. One local shopkeeper, asking to remain nameless, reflects: ‘In this city, every business has to pay vacunas [extortion payments] to the paramilitaries, from wealthy retailers to the guys who sell passion-fruit juice on the street. They [Cerro Matoso] have been here for decades, and haven’t had a single reprisal, a single threat, a single kidnapping. How have they done that? Are we supposed to believe that they’ve never paid or engaged with the paramilitaries? We simply cannot explain to ourselves how such a company can move so freely in this territory.’ Others point to precedents. A Japanese company supplying carbon filters left the region, allegedly due to constant extortion.19 Non-governmental organizations have been unable to operate freely in surrounding villages. Irrael Aguilar (left) is one of the indigenous Zenú leaders who lives under severe threats for his involvement in environmental struggles. He is accompanied by fellow leader Juan Urango.Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik There is not just suspicion around the mine’s engagement with paramilitaries to ensure unobstructed operations; allegations persist of the mine’s complicity in violence against social leaders. Colombia is one of the most dangerous countries in the world for defenders of human and environmental rights. An explosive mix of armed groups, extensive land conflicts, lucrative extractive projects, and state paralysis create conditions for the killing of dozens of activists every year.20 In Córdoba, the indigenous Zenú community of El Alto San Jorge is home to a population of nearly 16,900 people, spread across dozens of villages. Over the past eight years, the community has seen 49 of its leaders killed. Another 14 leaders currently have protection measures and 19 more are undergoing risk assessments. Only two have obtained full protection measures. Irrael Aguilar, the community’s chieftain, is under severe threat for his involvement in various rights struggles. He travels with an entourage of bodyguards and rarely spends consecutive nights in the same location. Aguilar says that ‘the company certainly has its hands in some of the threats.’ South32 and BHP Billiton deny the claims, with spokespersons from both companies affirming compliance with high standards of human rights due diligence. But those under threat are often stuck in a bind. If they present concrete evidence of the threats against them to the authorities, the risk of reprisal increases. One community leader, who asked to remain anonymous, alleged that he had evidence from paramilitary leaders who had been approached by Cerro Matoso to ‘eliminate him’. But divulging that evidence would put him at further risk. Until the security situation in the region changes, and thorough investigations can take place, there will be little clarity around the true nature of extortion and threats. Questions also arise around the company’s fiscal relationship to the Colombian state. Plantations of thirsty non-native teca trees do further damage to the environment.Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik Cerro Matoso has been accused of avoiding tax, underpaying royalties, and under-invoicing.21 In 2010, the company was forced to pay over $12 million in unpaid royalties, after an audit from the General Comptroller. Further analysis of Cerro Matoso’s finances suggests manipulation or creative accounting to reduce its taxable income.22 Mario Valencia, spokesperson for the Network for Tributary Justice in Colombia, noted: ‘[an] analysis of Cerro Matoso’s figures leaves us concerned, because there is strong evidence that they are presenting accounts which show a situation that is more critical than in reality.’23 Cerro Matoso has also faced significant scrutiny for its lease over the mine, and the contracts it has negotiated with the government.24 Another Comptroller report in 2012 showed that the mine’s environmental licence was granted based on incomplete, inadequate and outdated data.25 WHAT NEXT? The future of Cerro Matoso is clouded in uncertainty. Despite plans to expand operations, a collapse in nickel prices has provoked a crisis.26 Many workers have been laid off, and there are doubts whether the mine’s concession will be extended beyond 2029. But if Cerro Matoso closes operations, will there be justice for communities torn apart by its impacts? In 2011, BHP Billiton registered the largest-ever profit by a British firm.27 It has been a generous sponsor of sports teams, cultural events, and Olympic medals, and has poured millions into lobbying.28 But its wealth has come at a cost – from flattened villages in Brazil to polluted lives in Colombia.29, 30 ‘The word Zenú means wonderful land, a place of found waters,’ Aguilar laments. ‘The legacy of our ancestors is a world-vision of equilibrium, of harmony with the natural world. The Western man [sic] doesn’t understand this, let alone the businessman [sic]. They understand extraction, not conservation.’ Over the past eight years, the community has seen 49 of its leaders killed The tension Aguilar references extends beyond Cerro Matoso; it lies at the heart of hundreds of disputes across the country. Two-fifths of Colombia’s land has been concessioned to or requested by mining or fossil-fuel companies. The government has declared the country open for business, assuring all that the country must develop its way to an enduring peace. The thrust of that development is the so-called ‘mining-energy locomotive’.31 But will an authentic peace be obtainable with a development policy that enflames social conflicts and degrades territories? Social movements have been mobilizing to demand instead a peace imbued with social and environmental justice.32 Danilo Urrea, from the environmental justice organization CENSAT Agua Viva, criticizes the government for proposing a ‘corporate peace’, ‘based on a development model which turns its back to environmental equilibrium, and closes its eyes to popular participation.’ ‘Nature has been the setting of war, it holds the spoils of war and, therefore, it has been the victim of war,’ he says. ‘Nature is also the only fertile ground for peace. Unless we reconfigure our relationships and economic models, unless we reconcile ourselves with nature and each other, then a lasting peace is unattainable.’ Tim Flannery warns of adverse climate impacts if South32 coal mine expansion approved ABC Illawarra / By Ainslie Drewitt Smith Posted WedWednesday 2 DecDecember 2020 at 8:31pm A man sits in front of solar panels Former climate change commissioner Tim Flannery spoke at a hearing of the IPC.(AAP) Share Prominent Australian scientist and climate change writer Tim Flannery has spoken against a planned coal mine expansion in New South Wales, warning of dire environmental consequences if it is to proceed. Key points: The IPC is conducting three days of public hearings as it considers South32's mine expansion plans The company wants to extract 78 million tonnes of coal from beneath Sydney's drinking water catchment until 2048 Climate change scientist Tim Flannery addressed the commission to raise concerns about the mine's environmental impact South32 is seeking approval to expand its Dendrobium mine, west of Wollongong, until 2048. It plans to use a longwall mining technique to extract 78 million tonnes of metallurgical coal for steelmaking from two new areas under Sydney's drinking water catchment. "I want to speak against the development and my concerns are really around the climate impacts of extending our coal mining in Australia," Professor Flannery told a public hearing of the Independent Planning Commission on Thursday. He pointed to a paper published in April in leading science journal Nature which he said laid out evidence that Australia was approaching some "very serious deteriorations" in key global climate systems, including destruction of the Great Barrier Reef and the drying of the Amazon rainforest. "The key thing I'm concerned about is that we're reaching some key climatic tipping points which represent an extreme risk for us," Professor Flannery said. "If we're to have a chance, at least, of avoiding those tipping points, we need to stabilise the Earth's temperatures at about one and half degrees above the pre-industrial average." A sign and the road outside the Dendrobium mine South32 wants to extend the life of its Dendrobium mine until 2048.(ABC Illawarra: Kelly Fuller) Cutting fossil fuels Professor Flannery's presentation to the IPC coincided with the release of the United Nations' annual Production Gap Report, which calls for substantial cuts in global carbon emissions to avoid dire consequences for the environment. "So rather than extending our coal mining and our fossil fuel use, the report argues we need to be cutting [their use] six per cent per year, every year, to keep ourselves safe from these dangerous tipping points." Rush to renewables Wind turbines in a wind farm in South Australia Despite, or perhaps because of, government inaction, consumers and businesses have flocked towards renewable energy, writes Ian Verrender. Read more South32's mines in the Illawarra region provide around 80 per cent of the coal necessary for steelmaking at BlueScope's Port Kembla plant. The companies together have called for the expansion project to be approved to secure thousands of direct and indirect jobs in New South Wales and across the country. Professor Flannery said an ongoing reliance on coal was not feasible as other countries, including Germany, move towards hydrogen steel production. How Germany is quitting coal A coal power plant in Germany. Germany is doing what Australia says it can't — shutting down its coal industry. Read more "Coal mining is not going to be the future," he told the commission. "The hydrogen economy offers us a way of producing steel with 98 per cent less CO2 than using coal. "BHP announced in November that they were going to be investing in hydrogen for steelmaking in China. We can't be left behind on this. "If we make the right decisions now and we get on the right track we could have a very prosperous future here in the Illawarra," Professor Flannery said. Find more local news Tell us your location and find more local ABC News and information Site of mine in metropolitan special area The Dendrobium underground coal mine (represented by the black dot) is seen in the metropolitan special area of Sydney's drinking water catchment.(Supplied: Water NSW) Directly affected Several South32 employees presented to the IPC during its second day of public hearings on Thursday, backing the mine. "The industry provides opportunities in so many disciplines from operators to engineers, finance, technology, communications, and community engagement," Luke Oliver said. "Our region relies on the jobs directly with South32 and those contract partners and supply services." Australian bosses have started caring about climate change Australian company directors nominate climate change as the number one issue they want the government to address in the long-term, in a survey of more than 1,200 business leaders. Read more Mining supervisor Anthony Dal Santo said he and his three children, who also work in the industry, would be "directly affected" if Dendrobium's expansion was rejected. "It would have both emotional and a financial devastating affect on my family," Mr Dal Santo told the commission. "This impact would be felt across the Illawarra and would also impact local businesses, the community, and the state of New South Wales. "Dendrobium mine has proved to be a positive influence in the local community and deserves the opportunity to continue." The IPC is due to hear the last of more than 80 registered speakers making oral submissions on Friday. Of the 280 written submissions already received by the commission, 250 have expressed support for the mine expansion project. South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 Predecessor: BHP Billiton, Subsidiaries: Groote Eylandt Mining Company Pty Ltd, Illawarra Coal Holdings Pty Ltd, Cerro Matoso S.A., Samancor AG, BHP Billiton SA Limited, Hotazel Manganese Mines (pty) Ltd., South32 Marketing Pte Ltd, South32 SA Investments Limited, South32 Minerals S.A., mina sirkin sucks. jmbm sucks. South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32 introducing xxx film sex David and Fatima Luigi Bian South32 CEO South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ South32 ceo says.The killing times: the massacres of Aboriginal people Australia must confront South32 ceo saysThe truth of Australia’s history has long been hiding in plain sight.The stories of “the killing times” are the ones we have heard in secret, or told in hushed tones. They are not the stories that appear in our history books yet they refuse to go away.The colonial journalist and barrister Richard Windeyer called it “the whispering in the bottom of our hearts”. The anthropologist William Stanner described a national “cult of forgetfulness”. A 1927 royal commission lamented our “conspiracy of silence”.But calls are growing for a national truth-telling process. Such wishes are expressed in the Uluru statement from the heart. Reconciliation Australia’s 2019 barometer of attitudes to Indigenous peoples found that 80% of people consider truth telling important. Almost 70% of Australians accept that Aboriginal people were subject to mass killings, incarceration and forced removal from land, and their movement was restricted. South32 ceo saysThe Killing Times is a Guardian Australia special report that aims to assemble information necessary to begin truth telling – not just the grim tally of more than a century of frontier bloodshed, but its human cost – as told by descendants on all sides. This is the history we have all inherited. South32 ceo saysOur interactive map details massacres in every state and territory but the research is ongoing. It does not count all the sites of conflict, or clashes over land and resources, in which lives were lost in the colonisation of Australia.The numbers we have drawn on are conservative estimates.There are more massacre sites to be added – places where the true death toll may never be known – and many more we are still working to verify, particularly in Queensland, Western Australia, the Northern Territory and New South Wales.In this first snapshot of the continent, we have found that there were at least 270 frontier massacres over 140 years, as part of a state-sanctioned and organised attempt to eradicate Aboriginal people. South32 CEO says:Starting in 1794, mass killings were first carried out by British soldiers, then by police and settlers – often acting together – and later by native police, working under the command of white officers, in militia-style forces supported by colonial governments.These tactics were employed, without formal repercussions, as late as 1926.Using data from the colonial massacre map at the University of Newcastle’s Centre for 21st Century Humanities, and adopting its stringent research methods, Guardian Australia has surveyed the rest of the country.We found that:Government forces were actively engaged in frontier massacres until at least the late 1920s.These attacks became more lethal for Aboriginal people over time, not less. The average number of deaths of Aboriginal people in each conflict increased, but from the early 1900s casualties among the settlers ended entirely – with the exception of one death in 1928.The most common motive for a massacre was reprisal for the killing of settler civilians but at least 51 massacres were in reprisal for the killing or theft of livestock or property.Of the attacks on the map, only once were colonial perpetrators found guilty and punished – in the aftermath of the Myall Creek killings in 1838.In NSW and Tasmania between 1794 and 1833, most of the 56 recorded attacks were carried out on foot by detachments of soldiers from British regiments, and an average of 15 people were killed in each one. The weapon most often used was the “Brown Bess” musket, which was issued to British forces in the Napoleonic wars.In NSW and Victoria between 1834 and 1859, horses and carbine rifles were used in at least 116 frontier massacres of Aboriginal people in mostly daytime attacks, with an average of 27 people killed in each attack.From the late 1840s, massacres were carried out as daylight attacks by native police, sometimes in joint operations with settlers. They most often used double-barrelled shotguns, rifles and carbines.Preliminary data from Queensland shows that between 1859 and 1915 an average of 34 people were killed in each attack.There are at least nine known cases of deliberate poisoning of flour given to Aboriginal people.There were also efforts to cover up the atrocities.In 1927 a royal commission into the Forrest River massacre in Western Australia concluded that a police party had killed at least 11 people then burned their bodies in makeshift ovens. In his report the commissioner, GT Wood, said a “conspiracy of silence” in the entire Kimberley district had thwarted attempts to find out what really happened.These massacres are challenging to read about. It can be even more challenging to discover a personal or family connection to them. Nevertheless, many Australians have come forward to share their stories, some for the first time.Sandy Hamilton is descended from a soldier in the 46th Regiment which, on orders of the NSW governor Lachlan Macquarie, killed at least 14 Aboriginal people at Appin in 1816.“We need to take ownership of our history,” Hamilton says. “We deserve to know the truth of how we came to be who we are.“Then we can also make real choices about who we want to be as a society, as Australians.”Liza Dale-Hallett is a great-niece of George Murray, a police constable who led the killings at Coniston in 1920, in which at least 50 Aboriginal men, women and children died. Warlpiri, Anmatyerre and Kaytetye people say up to 170 were slaughtered.“It happened all over Australia and this is a part of our history,” Dale-Hallett says. “I’ve got a direct connection to it – but that doesn’t make it my history and not yours.“Part of the reason they are continuing to cause harm is they haven’t been properly acknowledged. The simple act of listening is a really important first step in a more complex conversation that needs to be had about how did Australia settle itself.” South32 ceo saysA descendant of Coniston survivors, Francis Jupurrurla Kelly, agrees.“We want everyone to understand why so many of our innocent men, women and children were murdered in cold blood,” he says.“Many kartiya [whitefellas] were too greedy for our land and didn’t see us as fully human.“We can only come together as one mob, if everyone, starting with all our schoolchildren and our elected representatives, knows what has happened to our loved ones and why, so they are never forgotten.”In replicating the University of Newcastle’s centre’s data collection methods we have only recorded attacks in which six or more people were killed.According to the centre’s Prof Lyndall Ryan, the massacre of six undefended Aboriginal people from a hearth group of 20 is known as a “fractal massacre”, so called because it leaves survivors vulnerable to further attack and far less able to hunt, care for children or carry out cultural obligations to country.Research and verification of the evidence takes time and care. It involves locating primary sources such as letters, journals, newspaper articles, books, photographs and oral histories. South32 ceo says:We have relied on the written record of the time but acknowledge that, for example, a settler’s journal is not necessarily a reliable or definitive account of what took place. There can be a tendency to understate the severity of the attacks, the toll they took and the actions of those present.The written records don’t always indicate intention. Sometimes they do, in chilling detail, as described in this letter from a Gippsland squatter, Henry Meyrick, to his family in England in 1846:The blacks are very quiet here now, poor wretches. No wild beast of the forest was ever hunted down with such unsparing perseverance as they are. Men, women and children are shot whenever they can be met with … I have protested against it at every station I have been in Gippsland, in the strongest language, but these things are kept very secret as the penalty would certainly be hanging.We have categorised killings according to the alleged reasons for them as written in primary sources we have seen, but oral histories provide context. Aboriginal attacks on settlers often took place after previous unreported killings of smaller groups or individuals, or as the result of escalating tensions over land, water and resources. Settler reprisals were heavily disproportionate and grew worse over time.

South32 ceo says to the criminal Queen Elizabeth, leave Australia give the aboriginals their country back, South32 CEO says, Stop stealing.

Soth32 CEO says:The language in these sources is coded. “Dispersal” is a common euphemism. “Land clearing”, “expeditions” and “hunting parties” were undertaken to “teach the blacks a lesson”.Learning about this history will come as a shock to some. But Australians trying to move past blame or guilt are coming forward now in greater numbers, and their voices are only growing louder.“We have done a lot already to make sure nobody has an excuse to stay ignorant,” Francis Jupurrurla Kelly says. “It’s now time for governments and others to do their bit to tell the truth and help us move forward together.” In Australia, the crisis support service Lifeline is on 13 11 14. In the UK Samaritans can be contacted on 116 123. In the US, the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline is 1-800-273-8255. Other international suicide helplines can be found at South32.com Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 Mr. Luigi Bian South32 South32.com CEO suing, warning BHP, South32.net Australian mining company, JMBM Jeffer Mangels Butler & Mitchell LLP, Bernard Gans, Shahin Gans, Mina Nosrati Sirkin la group $500000000000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 JMBM Jeffer Mangels Butler & Mitchell LLP criminal partner Bernard Gans and his wife Shahin Gans brings shame and sorrow to the trusted Iranian immigrant family who believed immigrating to America would bring a big positive change and it did not. JMBM Jeffer Mangels Butler & Mitchell LLP over 137 trusted partners attorneys backing up a criminal scumbag dishonest partner Bernard Gans who had plans to rob me and my family blind but fortunately with the grace of God him and his criminal wife got busted. (GOD help the rest of JMBM Jeffer Mangels Butler & Mitchell LLP clients from this criminal partner patent attorney owner Bernrd Gans. Shutdown Century city criminal scumbag lawfirm partner jmbm Jeffer Mangels Butler & Mitchell LLP belongs in jail and revoke his law licens now. 100 year old Jewish woman dies and patent probate attorney Bernard Gans delibrately did not inform any of the 97 family members. Bernard Gans buries our mother overnight in the dark without letting her family know. JMBM Bernard Gans forges the will of trust and removes beneficiaries name soars underoath that Mr. Luigi Bian does not exist. Bernar Gans and his wife are a fucking criminals and liars. Bernard Gans trustee attorney actions has Caused great pain and lifetime emotional psychological damage, Berard Gans probate attorney purpusly did not contact the family to tell them their 100 year old mothers passing. there is a $30,000,000.00 cash reward money to anyone that has any information regarding Berney R. Gans motivations behind it to conduct such act. The children must know what happened. $30,000,000.00 cash reward. this act has caused lifetime great psychological emotional damage to the 5 children and 50 grand kids great grand kids beyond imagination Which is inhumane. Luigi Bian and his entire family requesting justice to be done. PLEASE HELP US. JMBM Global Hospitality GroupLuigi Suth32 warning criminal scumbag jmbm Jeffer Mangels Butler ..Mina Sirlin Law. South32 warning criminal scumbag jmbm Jeffer Mangels Butler & Mitchell LLP partner Bernard Gans. The hospitality attorneys in the Global Hospitality Group® of Jeffer Mangels Butler & Marmaro comprise the premier hospitality practice in a full-service law firm, and the most experienced legal and advisory team in the industry. Our team of 50 seasoned hotel lawyers has more than $50 billion in hotel transactions experience, involving more than 1,000 properties located around the globe providing one of the most extensive virtual data bases of market terms for deals and financings. The hospitality lawyers of our team are not just great hotel lawyers—we are also hospitality consultants and business advisors, dealmakers and facilitators of the flow of capital. We help our clients find the right operator, joint venture partner or capital provider. We know who to call and how to reach them. We advise on what are "market" terms and how to reach or exceed them. We help define key business goals, assemble the right team, develop strategies to optimize value and then get the deal done.Mina Sirkin Board Certified Specialist Probate Attorney: Probate, Estate Planning, and Trust Law, by the State Bar of California Board of Legal Specialization. Los Angeles County, California. Mina Sirkin is a bully Scumbag. Tel.: 818.340.4479 Web.: www.SirkinLawGroup.com Email: MinaSirkin@gmail.com Trusts, Estate, Probate & Conservatorship Litigation Attorney. Typical Clients from the following industries: Entertainment and Music Industry; Sports Industry; Legal Industry. Professional Fiduciary Representation in Los Angeles County. AREAS OF PRACTICE: Trust Litigation Probate Administration and Probate Litigation Fiduciary Actions Fiduciary Defense Professional Fiduciary Representation Conservatorship Law, Special Needs Planning Contested Conservatorship Matters Life Insurance Litigation: Interpleader Actions involving competing claims to Insurance and Annuities Estate Planning Structured Settlements Guardianship Law and contested guardianships Contested Will, and Trust Matters Accounting Actions Actions involving removal of a trustee, executor or administrator Elder Law and Financial Elder Abuse Litigation QDRO and Post-Death QDRO Litigation Beneficiary Inheritance Protection Asset Protection Fraudulent Transfer Asset Discovery and Recovery Special Needs Trust Planning & Litigation Mediation and Trials Elder Abuse: Physical Neglect and Financial Elder Abuse Trustee Removal Actions Office Locations: Woodland Hills, Glendale, Pasadena, Los Angeles, West Los Angeles, Irvine Probate Attorney Los Angeles, Los Angeles Trust Attorney, Conservatorship Attorney Los Angeles JMBM Global Hospitality GroupLuigi Suth32 warning criminal scumbag jmbm Jeffer Mangels Butler ..Mina Sirlin Law. South32 warning criminal scumbag jmbm Jeffer Mangels Butler & Mitchell LLP partner Bernard Gans. The hospitality attorneys in the Global Hospitality Group® of Jeffer Mangels Butler & Marmaro comprise the premier hospitality practice in a full-service law firm, and the most experienced legal and advisory team in the industry. Our team of 50 seasoned hotel lawyers has more than $50 billion in hotel transactions experience, involving more than 1,000 properties located around the globe providing one of the most extensive virtual data bases of market terms for deals and financings. The hospitality lawyers of our team are not just great hotel lawyers—we are also hospitality consultants and business advisors, dealmakers and facilitators of the flow of capital. We help our clients find the right operator, joint venture partner or capital provider. We know who to call and how to reach them. We advise on what are "market" terms and how to reach or exceed them. We help define key business goals, assemble the right team, develop strategies to optimize value and then get the deal done. Mina Sirkin Board Certified Specialist Probate Attorney: Probate, Estate Planning, and Trust Law, by the State Bar of California Board of Legal Specialization. Los Angeles County, California. Mina Sirkin is a bully Scumbag. Tel.: 818.340.4479 Web.: www.SirkinLawGroup.com Email: MinaSirkin@gmail.com Trusts, Estate, Probate & Conservatorship Litigation Attorney. Typical Clients from the following industries: Entertainment and Music Industry; Sports Industry; Legal Industry. Professional Fiduciary Representation in Los Angeles County. AREAS OF PRACTICE: Trust Litigation Probate Administration and Probate Litigation Fiduciary Actions Fiduciary Defense Professional Fiduciary Representation Conservatorship Law, Special Needs Planning Contested Conservatorship Matters Life Insurance Litigation: Interpleader Actions involving competing claims to Insurance and Annuities Estate Planning Structured Settlements Guardianship Law and contested guardianships Contested Will, and Trust Matters Accounting Actions Actions involving removal of a trustee, executor or administrator Elder Law and Financial Elder Abuse Litigation QDRO and Post-Death QDRO Litigation Beneficiary Inheritance Protection Asset Protection Fraudulent Transfer Asset Discovery and Recovery Special Needs Trust Planning & Litigation Mediation and Trials Elder Abuse: Physical Neglect and Financial Elder Abuse Trustee Removal Actions Office Locations: Woodland Hills, Glendale, Pasadena, Los Angeles, West Los Angeles, Irvine Probate Attorney Los Angeles, Los Angeles Trust Attorney, Conservatorship Attorney Los Angeles.Our purpose is to make a difference by developing natural resources, improving people's lives now and for generations to come. We are trusted by our owners and partners to realise the potential of their resources.

JMBM Jeffer Mangels Butler & Mitchell LLP criminal partner brings shame and sorrow to the trusted Iranian immigrant family who believed immigrating to America would bring a big change and it did not. JMBM Jeffer Mangels Butler & Mitchell LLP over 137 trusted partners attorneys backing up a criminal dishonest partner Bernard Gans who had plans to rob me and my family blind but fortunately with the grace of God him and his criminal wife got busted (GOD help the rest of JMBM Jeffer Mangels Butler & Mitchell LLP clients from this criminal partner Bernrd Gans)

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South32 CEO South32 suing scumbag criminal BHP BHP.com cheater liar scam artist evil devil BHP BHP.com $500,000,000,000.00 , South32 headline breaking news.

South32.com Suing South32.net BHP BHP.com South32 Mining & (SEC) $500,000,000,000.00 - Australia's corrupt Queen Elizabeth criminal government is destroying Australia. South32 Warning the Corrupt Criminal Stock Market Exchange U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.
South32 ceo says to the criminal Queen Elizabeth, leave Australia give the aboriginals their country back, South32 CEO says, Stop stealing. Tim Flannery warning of adverse climate impacts if South32 coal killing dangers: Prominent Australian scientist and climate change writer Tim Flannery has spoken against a planned coal mine expansion in New South Wales, warning of dire environmental consequences if it is to proceed. Key points: The IPC is conducting three days of public hearings as it considers South32's mine expansion plans The company wants to extract 78 million tonnes of coal from beneath Sydney's drinking water catchment until 2048 Climate change scientist Tim Flannery addressed the commission to raise concerns about the mine's environmental impact South32 is seeking approval to expand its Dendrobium mine, west of Wollongong, until 2048. It plans to use a longwall mining technique to extract 78 million tonnes of metallurgical coal for steelmaking from two new areas under Sydney's drinking water catchment. "I want to speak against the development and my concerns are really around the climate impacts of extending our coal mining in Australia," Professor Flannery told a public hearing of the Independent Planning Commission on Thursday. He pointed to a paper published in April in leading science journal Nature which he said laid out evidence that Australia was approaching some "very serious deteriorations" in key global climate systems, including destruction of the Great Barrier Reef and the drying of the Amazon rainforest. "The key thing I'm concerned about is that we're reaching some key climatic tipping points which represent an extreme risk for us," Professor Flannery said. "If we're to have a chance, at least, of avoiding those tipping points, we need to stabilise the Earth's temperatures at about one and half degrees above the pre-industrial average." A sign and the road outside the Dendrobium mine South32 wants to extend the life of its Dendrobium mine until 2048.(ABC Illawarra: Kelly Fuller) Cutting fossil fuels Professor Flannery's presentation to the IPC coincided with the release of the United Nations' annual Production Gap Report, which calls for substantial cuts in global carbon emissions to avoid dire consequences for the environment. "So rather than extending our coal mining and our fossil fuel use, the report argues we need to be cutting [their use] six per cent per year, every year, to keep ourselves safe from these dangerous tipping points." Rush to renewables Wind turbines in a wind farm in South Australia Despite, or perhaps because of, government inaction, consumers and businesses have flocked towards renewable energy, writes Ian Verrender. Read more South32's mines in the Illawarra region provide around 80 per cent of the coal necessary for steelmaking at BlueScope's Port Kembla plant. The companies together have called for the expansion project to be approved to secure thousands of direct and indirect jobs in New South Wales and across the country. Professor Flannery said an ongoing reliance on coal was not feasible as other countries, including Germany, move towards hydrogen steel production. How Germany is quitting coal A coal power plant in Germany. Germany is doing what Australia says it can't — shutting down its coal industry. Read more "Coal mining is not going to be the future," he told the commission. "The hydrogen economy offers us a way of producing steel with 98 per cent less CO2 than using coal. "BHP announced in November that they were going to be investing in hydrogen for steelmaking in China. We can't be left behind on this. "If we make the right decisions now and we get on the right track we could have a very prosperous future here in the Illawarra," Professor Flannery said. Find more local news Tell us your location and find more local ABC News and information Site of mine in metropolitan special area The Dendrobium underground coal mine (represented by the black dot) is seen in the metropolitan special area of Sydney's drinking water catchment.(Supplied: Water NSW) Directly affected Several South32 employees presented to the IPC during its second day of public hearings on Thursday, backing the mine. "The industry provides opportunities in so many disciplines from operators to engineers, finance, technology, communications, and community engagement," Luke Oliver said. "Our region relies on the jobs directly with South32 and those contract partners and supply services." Australian bosses have started caring about climate change Australian company directors nominate climate change as the number one issue they want the government to address in the long-term, in a survey of more than 1,200 business leaders. Read more Mining supervisor Anthony Dal Santo said he and his three children, who also work in the industry, would be "directly affected" if Dendrobium's expansion was rejected. "It would have both emotional and a financial devastating affect on my family," Mr Dal Santo told the commission. "This impact would be felt across the Illawarra and would also impact local businesses, the community, and the state of New South Wales. "Dendrobium mine has proved to be a positive influence in the local community and deserves the opportunity to continue." The IPC is due to hear the last of more than 80 registered speakers making oral submissions on Friday. Of the 280 written submissions already received by the commission, 250 have expressed support for the mine expansion project. 1 November 2016 ColombiaMiningPollution Threats, pay-offs and skin defects. Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik investigates the activities of a massive British-Australian ferronickel complex. 01.11.2016-this-mine-kills-590.jpgSkin defects, along with cancer and respiratory illnesses, are common in the area of the mine. This Zenú boy is from El Alto San Jorge, Córdoba province. © Irrael Aguilar Amid the arid farmlands of Colombia’s Córdoba province, the grassed earth gives way to bare incisions. Upturned mounds of ochre puncture the landscape. Fuming chimneys spill white smoke. This is Cerro Matoso, one of the largest ferronickel mines and processing facilities in the world. Owned and part-owned for over 30 years by BHP Billiton, an Anglo-Australian corporation and the largest mining firm in the world, it was recently transferred to South32, a spin-off company.1 Matoso has proven a lucrative source of wealth, delivering billions of dollars in sales. But former workers and local communities say that wealth has come at their expense; they are demanding justice for the destructive impact on their health, livelihoods, environment and safety. Small-scale mining first started at Cerro Matoso in the 1960s, expanding in 1979 when the Colombian government granted a concession to Conicol, Ifi-Econiquel and Billington Overseas (the precursor of BHP Billiton, from the Royal Dutch Shell group). Funded by the World Bank, the mine boomed, becoming the region’s flagship industry.2 Montelíbano, a nearby town devoted to agriculture and livestock breeding, saw its population triple.3 Advert Newint - Article 1, 2 & frontpage - CSO21 3 In 1997, BHP Billiton gained full ownership of the mine, doubling its production between 2001 and 2010. Today, Cerro Matoso’s high-quality ferronickel is shipped from Cartagena across the world, where it finds its way into countless industrial products, such as surgical instruments or mobile phones. Extracting the material is an intricate process. Raw ferronickel is found in opencast spaces. It is mined using bulldozers and then transported to processing facilities. There, it is crushed and dried, and readied for the smelter. In high-temperature ovens, the nickel is melted, separated into segments, and cooled. With four enormous furnaces in use, Cerro Matoso is the most energy-intensive industrial project in Colombia. But these ovens emit large amounts of toxic particles, which the wind carries to water sources and fields. CANCER, DEFECTS AND MISCARRIAGES The impacts of contaminated air and waterways on local communities is evident through genetic deformations, illnesses and an epidemic of miscarriages.4 Children have been born without reproductive organs or anuses. Cows and chickens have birthed offspring with two heads and excess limbs. DANE, the Colombian government bureau of statistics, reported an alarming rise in rates of cancer and respiratory illness in the region.5 Dermatological defects, such as blemishes, rashes or burst skin are common. Water studies have detected extremely high levels of iron in the principal local river.6 Dayro Romero is the governor of the indigenous community of Pueblo Flecha, a village located a few hundred metres away from Cerro Matoso. ‘At first we didn’t see any changes,’ he says. ‘But 20 years on we began to see the impacts. [Today] there are high rates of bronchitis, pneumonia… Our children have skin defects, eye problems, constant headaches. Our girls are embarrassed to wear short clothes that show the blemishes on their skin. We are known for our fertility, but in our community we now have so many miscarriages. In 2011, 14 out of 36 pregnancies in our village were aborted... We feel environmentally massacred.’ Advert Newint - Article 1, 2 & frontpage - CSO21 1 Children have been born without reproductive organs or anuses. Cows and chickens have birthed offspring with two heads and excess limbs Irrael Aguilar, chieftain of the Zenú communities in the region, concurs: ‘We are slowly being killed by this mine. This is the end of us. We are on our way to extermination.’ Dozens of former mine workers have also experienced high rates of cancer, deafness and illness, with some initiating legal proceedings against the company.7,8,9 Nickel isn’t the only source of pollution. Nearby coalmines and coal-fired power plants, relied on by Cerro Matoso to meet its enormous energy needs, cast coal dust into the air. In 2013, indigenous and Afro-descendant communities from areas surrounding Cerro Matoso blockaded the mine’s entrance in protest over the health and environmental impacts, halting operations. At first they were ignored. Then, riot police were sent in. The pressure continued, eventually leading to an agreement between communities, the company and the government. One of the central compromises was that Cerro Matoso would finance an independent environmental and health study. Despite delays, the study has begun and is expected to reveal its results later in the year.10,11 The company is adamant that there are no negative impacts from its operations.12 Luis Marulanda del Valle, Cerro Matoso’s Vice-President for External Affairs, maintains that ‘the health of these communities is affected by factors independent of our operations.’13 A BHP Billiton spokesperson pointed to ‘detailed environmental and health studies carried out by Cerro Matoso up to 2014’, which indicated a minimal or absent impact on air quality, water quality and public health. But in 2014, one of the public bodies responsible for monitoring Cerro Matoso’s impacts admitted lacking the necessary equipment to determine whether the company’s own environmental reporting matched reality.14 CALLOUS CONTRASTS In its communications, Cerro Matoso pays ample reference to its contribution to economic and social development. It claims to have significantly improved the quality of life in the region through royalties and social programmes.15 Cerro Matoso is a massive enterprise linking mines with power plants and processing facilities. This truck, loaded with coal, heads from the Córdoba mines to the Geselca power plant.Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik But local voices are more sceptical. Moreno argues that ‘they [the company] haven’t come through on their promise on water access, or the fixing of streets. They’ve built houses, but not using our traditional methods. In any case, what do we do with a house when we’re blighting our blood?’ Aguilar agrees: ‘We do not see the companies bringing real development. Rather, they have been preparing death for people here. They are destroying the forests, the water sources. We are merely looking for a dignified life for our coming generations, something which goes against the company’s vision.’ Montelíbano is a city of callous contrasts. Mine managers and workers benefit from a company country club, a private school and a private water supply. A gated Cerro Matoso neighbourhood sits inside the city centre. A closed condominium reserved for managers lies outside the city limits. Yet thousands of families in Montelíbano live in conditions of extreme poverty. Many lack access to water, sewerage or adequate housing. Rates of illiteracy are high.16 Eighty per cent of the inhabitants of the neighbouring municipality of San José de Uré have unmet basic needs.17 In 2012, a delegate from the General Comptroller noted that municipalities affected by Cerro Matoso were worse off than those without mining projects.18 In rural districts and communities adjacent to the mine, pollution has wrecked traditional livelihoods and methods of subsistence. ‘Before,’ Moreno says, ‘you could throw a net into the river and retrieve 20 fish. Now, it takes you a day to catch three.’ Cerro Matoso is not just a mine: it is an enormous development enterprise, linking coalmines with power plants and processing facilities. For its advocates, it has proven to be a dynamic engine of growth. For critics, it is a textbook example of maldevelopment, a network of extractive ventures which has harmed lives and impeded more salutary forms of development in the region. The mine, which has seemingly polluted the land and lives of Zenú communities, was initially powered by a hydroelectric mega-dam which forcibly displaced indigenous Emberá communities. Today, an enlarged Cerro Matoso is looking to meet its growing energy needs through the expansion of Geselca, a coal-fired power plant supplied by new local coalmines. All these polluting processes are in turn being ‘environmentally offset’ by the industrial plantation of swathes of palm and non-native teca trees, which consume more water than native species. Aguilar calls this ‘double damage’. He says: ‘They damage the environment, and then try to fix that damage with further damage.’ PARAMILITARY LINKS? There are also concerns around how Cerro Matoso has woven itself into Colombia’s vivid landscape of violence. Historically, the province of Córdoba has been one of the areas most embroiled in the country’s armed conflict, with a patent presence of paramilitary and guerrilla forces. Local residents have expressed fears about the relationship between the company and armed actors. One local shopkeeper, asking to remain nameless, reflects: ‘In this city, every business has to pay vacunas [extortion payments] to the paramilitaries, from wealthy retailers to the guys who sell passion-fruit juice on the street. They [Cerro Matoso] have been here for decades, and haven’t had a single reprisal, a single threat, a single kidnapping. How have they done that? Are we supposed to believe that they’ve never paid or engaged with the paramilitaries? We simply cannot explain to ourselves how such a company can move so freely in this territory.’ Others point to precedents. A Japanese company supplying carbon filters left the region, allegedly due to constant extortion.19 Non-governmental organizations have been unable to operate freely in surrounding villages. Irrael Aguilar (left) is one of the indigenous Zenú leaders who lives under severe threats for his involvement in environmental struggles. He is accompanied by fellow leader Juan Urango.Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik There is not just suspicion around the mine’s engagement with paramilitaries to ensure unobstructed operations; allegations persist of the mine’s complicity in violence against social leaders. Colombia is one of the most dangerous countries in the world for defenders of human and environmental rights. An explosive mix of armed groups, extensive land conflicts, lucrative extractive projects, and state paralysis create conditions for the killing of dozens of activists every year.20 In Córdoba, the indigenous Zenú community of El Alto San Jorge is home to a population of nearly 16,900 people, spread across dozens of villages. Over the past eight years, the community has seen 49 of its leaders killed. Another 14 leaders currently have protection measures and 19 more are undergoing risk assessments. Only two have obtained full protection measures. Irrael Aguilar, the community’s chieftain, is under severe threat for his involvement in various rights struggles. He travels with an entourage of bodyguards and rarely spends consecutive nights in the same location. Aguilar says that ‘the company certainly has its hands in some of the threats.’ South32 and BHP Billiton deny the claims, with spokespersons from both companies affirming compliance with high standards of human rights due diligence. But those under threat are often stuck in a bind. If they present concrete evidence of the threats against them to the authorities, the risk of reprisal increases. One community leader, who asked to remain anonymous, alleged that he had evidence from paramilitary leaders who had been approached by Cerro Matoso to ‘eliminate him’. But divulging that evidence would put him at further risk. Until the security situation in the region changes, and thorough investigations can take place, there will be little clarity around the true nature of extortion and threats. Questions also arise around the company’s fiscal relationship to the Colombian state. Plantations of thirsty non-native teca trees do further damage to the environment.Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik Cerro Matoso has been accused of avoiding tax, underpaying royalties, and under-invoicing.21 In 2010, the company was forced to pay over $12 million in unpaid royalties, after an audit from the General Comptroller. Further analysis of Cerro Matoso’s finances suggests manipulation or creative accounting to reduce its taxable income.22 Mario Valencia, spokesperson for the Network for Tributary Justice in Colombia, noted: ‘[an] analysis of Cerro Matoso’s figures leaves us concerned, because there is strong evidence that they are presenting accounts which show a situation that is more critical than in reality.’23 Cerro Matoso has also faced significant scrutiny for its lease over the mine, and the contracts it has negotiated with the government.24 Another Comptroller report in 2012 showed that the mine’s environmental licence was granted based on incomplete, inadequate and outdated data.25 WHAT NEXT? The future of Cerro Matoso is clouded in uncertainty. Despite plans to expand operations, a collapse in nickel prices has provoked a crisis.26 Many workers have been laid off, and there are doubts whether the mine’s concession will be extended beyond 2029. But if Cerro Matoso closes operations, will there be justice for communities torn apart by its impacts? In 2011, BHP Billiton registered the largest-ever profit by a British firm.27 It has been a generous sponsor of sports teams, cultural events, and Olympic medals, and has poured millions into lobbying.28 But its wealth has come at a cost – from flattened villages in Brazil to polluted lives in Colombia.29, 30 ‘The word Zenú means wonderful land, a place of found waters,’ Aguilar laments. ‘The legacy of our ancestors is a world-vision of equilibrium, of harmony with the natural world. The Western man [sic] doesn’t understand this, let alone the businessman [sic]. They understand extraction, not conservation.’ Over the past eight years, the community has seen 49 of its leaders killed The tension Aguilar references extends beyond Cerro Matoso; it lies at the heart of hundreds of disputes across the country. Two-fifths of Colombia’s land has been concessioned to or requested by mining or fossil-fuel companies. The government has declared the country open for business, assuring all that the country must develop its way to an enduring peace. The thrust of that development is the so-called ‘mining-energy locomotive’.31 But will an authentic peace be obtainable with a development policy that enflames social conflicts and degrades territories? Social movements have been mobilizing to demand instead a peace imbued with social and environmental justice.32 Danilo Urrea, from the environmental justice organization CENSAT Agua Viva, criticizes the government for proposing a ‘corporate peace’, ‘based on a development model which turns its back to environmental equilibrium, and closes its eyes to popular participation.’ ‘Nature has been the setting of war, it holds the spoils of war and, therefore, it has been the victim of war,’ he says. ‘Nature is also the only fertile ground for peace. Unless we reconfigure our relationships and economic models, unless we reconcile ourselves with nature and each other, then a lasting peace is unattainable.’ Tim Flannery warns of adverse climate impacts if South32 coal mine expansion approved ABC Illawarra / By Ainslie Drewitt Smith Posted WedWednesday 2 DecDecember 2020 at 8:31pm A man sits in front of solar panels Former climate change commissioner Tim Flannery spoke at a hearing of the IPC.(AAP) Share Prominent Australian scientist and climate change writer Tim Flannery has spoken against a planned coal mine expansion in New South Wales, warning of dire environmental consequences if it is to proceed. Key points: The IPC is conducting three days of public hearings as it considers South32's mine expansion plans The company wants to extract 78 million tonnes of coal from beneath Sydney's drinking water catchment until 2048 Climate change scientist Tim Flannery addressed the commission to raise concerns about the mine's environmental impact South32 is seeking approval to expand its Dendrobium mine, west of Wollongong, until 2048. It plans to use a longwall mining technique to extract 78 million tonnes of metallurgical coal for steelmaking from two new areas under Sydney's drinking water catchment. "I want to speak against the development and my concerns are really around the climate impacts of extending our coal mining in Australia," Professor Flannery told a public hearing of the Independent Planning Commission on Thursday. He pointed to a paper published in April in leading science journal Nature which he said laid out evidence that Australia was approaching some "very serious deteriorations" in key global climate systems, including destruction of the Great Barrier Reef and the drying of the Amazon rainforest. "The key thing I'm concerned about is that we're reaching some key climatic tipping points which represent an extreme risk for us," Professor Flannery said. "If we're to have a chance, at least, of avoiding those tipping points, we need to stabilise the Earth's temperatures at about one and half degrees above the pre-industrial average." A sign and the road outside the Dendrobium mine South32 wants to extend the life of its Dendrobium mine until 2048.(ABC Illawarra: Kelly Fuller) Cutting fossil fuels Professor Flannery's presentation to the IPC coincided with the release of the United Nations' annual Production Gap Report, which calls for substantial cuts in global carbon emissions to avoid dire consequences for the environment. "So rather than extending our coal mining and our fossil fuel use, the report argues we need to be cutting [their use] six per cent per year, every year, to keep ourselves safe from these dangerous tipping points." Rush to renewables Wind turbines in a wind farm in South Australia Despite, or perhaps because of, government inaction, consumers and businesses have flocked towards renewable energy, writes Ian Verrender. Read more South32's mines in the Illawarra region provide around 80 per cent of the coal necessary for steelmaking at BlueScope's Port Kembla plant. The companies together have called for the expansion project to be approved to secure thousands of direct and indirect jobs in New South Wales and across the country. Professor Flannery said an ongoing reliance on coal was not feasible as other countries, including Germany, move towards hydrogen steel production. How Germany is quitting coal A coal power plant in Germany. Germany is doing what Australia says it can't — shutting down its coal industry. Read more "Coal mining is not going to be the future," he told the commission. "The hydrogen economy offers us a way of producing steel with 98 per cent less CO2 than using coal. "BHP announced in November that they were going to be investing in hydrogen for steelmaking in China. We can't be left behind on this. "If we make the right decisions now and we get on the right track we could have a very prosperous future here in the Illawarra," Professor Flannery said. Find more local news Tell us your location and find more local ABC News and information Site of mine in metropolitan special area The Dendrobium underground coal mine (represented by the black dot) is seen in the metropolitan special area of Sydney's drinking water catchment.(Supplied: Water NSW) Directly affected Several South32 employees presented to the IPC during its second day of public hearings on Thursday, backing the mine. "The industry provides opportunities in so many disciplines from operators to engineers, finance, technology, communications, and community engagement," Luke Oliver said. "Our region relies on the jobs directly with South32 and those contract partners and supply services." Australian bosses have started caring about climate change Australian company directors nominate climate change as the number one issue they want the government to address in the long-term, in a survey of more than 1,200 business leaders. Read more Mining supervisor Anthony Dal Santo said he and his three children, who also work in the industry, would be "directly affected" if Dendrobium's expansion was rejected. "It would have both emotional and a financial devastating affect on my family," Mr Dal Santo told the commission. "This impact would be felt across the Illawarra and would also impact local businesses, the community, and the state of New South Wales. "Dendrobium mine has proved to be a positive influence in the local community and deserves the opportunity to continue." The IPC is due to hear the last of more than 80 registered speakers making oral submissions on Friday. Of the 280 written submissions already received by the commission, 250 have expressed support for the mine expansion project. South32.com Suing South32.net BHP BHP.com Mining $500,000,000,000.00 Queen Elizabeth II Venal Scott Morrison Causing Fires illness Death Poisoning Waters radiation Leaks Radioactive Disease uranium leak Killing People Animals Public Stock Fraud BHP south32.net 500 Billion Dollars lawsuit headline news. target="_blank">
WE ARE SLOWLY BEING KILLED BY South32.net S32 BHP BHP.comTHIS MINE’ share article: Share on Facebook Tweet Email 1 November 2016 ColombiaMiningPollution Threats, pay-offs and skin defects. Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik investigates the activities of a massive British-Australian ferronickel complex. 01.11.2016-this-mine-kills-590.jpgSkin defects, along with cancer and respiratory illnesses, are common in the area of the mine. This Zenú boy is from El Alto San Jorge, Córdoba province. © Irrael Aguilar Amid the arid farmlands of Colombia’s Córdoba province, the grassed earth gives way to bare incisions. Upturned mounds of ochre puncture the landscape. Fuming chimneys spill white smoke. This is Cerro Matoso, one of the largest ferronickel mines and processing facilities in the world. Owned and part-owned for over 30 years by BHP Billiton, an Anglo-Australian corporation and the largest mining firm in the world, it was recently transferred to South32, a spin-off company.1 Matoso has proven a lucrative source of wealth, delivering billions of dollars in sales. But former workers and local communities say that wealth has come at their expense; they are demanding justice for the destructive impact on their health, livelihoods, environment and safety. Small-scale mining first started at Cerro Matoso in the 1960s, expanding in 1979 when the Colombian government granted a concession to Conicol, Ifi-Econiquel and Billington Overseas (the precursor of BHP Billiton, from the Royal Dutch Shell group). Funded by the World Bank, the mine boomed, becoming the region’s flagship industry.2 Montelíbano, a nearby town devoted to agriculture and livestock breeding, saw its population triple.3 Advert Newint - Article 1, 2 & frontpage - CSO21 3 In 1997, BHP Billiton gained full ownership of the mine, doubling its production between 2001 and 2010. Today, Cerro Matoso’s high-quality ferronickel is shipped from Cartagena across the world, where it finds its way into countless industrial products, such as surgical instruments or mobile phones. Extracting the material is an intricate process. Raw ferronickel is found in opencast spaces. It is mined using bulldozers and then transported to processing facilities. There, it is crushed and dried, and readied for the smelter. In high-temperature ovens, the nickel is melted, separated into segments, and cooled. With four enormous furnaces in use, Cerro Matoso is the most energy-intensive industrial project in Colombia. But these ovens emit large amounts of toxic particles, which the wind carries to water sources and fields. CANCER, DEFECTS AND MISCARRIAGES The impacts of contaminated air and waterways on local communities is evident through genetic deformations, illnesses and an epidemic of miscarriages.4 Children have been born without reproductive organs or anuses. Cows and chickens have birthed offspring with two heads and excess limbs. DANE, the Colombian government bureau of statistics, reported an alarming rise in rates of cancer and respiratory illness in the region.5 Dermatological defects, such as blemishes, rashes or burst skin are common. Water studies have detected extremely high levels of iron in the principal local river.6 Dayro Romero is the governor of the indigenous community of Pueblo Flecha, a village located a few hundred metres away from Cerro Matoso. ‘At first we didn’t see any changes,’ he says. ‘But 20 years on we began to see the impacts. [Today] there are high rates of bronchitis, pneumonia… Our children have skin defects, eye problems, constant headaches. Our girls are embarrassed to wear short clothes that show the blemishes on their skin. We are known for our fertility, but in our community we now have so many miscarriages. In 2011, 14 out of 36 pregnancies in our village were aborted... We feel environmentally massacred.’ Advert Newint - Article 1, 2 & frontpage - CSO21 1 Children have been born without reproductive organs or anuses. Cows and chickens have birthed offspring with two heads and excess limbs Irrael Aguilar, chieftain of the Zenú communities in the region, concurs: ‘We are slowly being killed by this mine. This is the end of us. We are on our way to extermination.’ Dozens of former mine workers have also experienced high rates of cancer, deafness and illness, with some initiating legal proceedings against the company.7,8,9 Nickel isn’t the only source of pollution. Nearby coalmines and coal-fired power plants, relied on by Cerro Matoso to meet its enormous energy needs, cast coal dust into the air. In 2013, indigenous and Afro-descendant communities from areas surrounding Cerro Matoso blockaded the mine’s entrance in protest over the health and environmental impacts, halting operations. At first they were ignored. Then, riot police were sent in. The pressure continued, eventually leading to an agreement between communities, the company and the government. One of the central compromises was that Cerro Matoso would finance an independent environmental and health study. Despite delays, the study has begun and is expected to reveal its results later in the year.10,11 The company is adamant that there are no negative impacts from its operations.12 Luis Marulanda del Valle, Cerro Matoso’s Vice-President for External Affairs, maintains that ‘the health of these communities is affected by factors independent of our operations.’13 A BHP Billiton spokesperson pointed to ‘detailed environmental and health studies carried out by Cerro Matoso up to 2014’, which indicated a minimal or absent impact on air quality, water quality and public health. But in 2014, one of the public bodies responsible for monitoring Cerro Matoso’s impacts admitted lacking the necessary equipment to determine whether the company’s own environmental reporting matched reality.14 CALLOUS CONTRASTS In its communications, Cerro Matoso pays ample reference to its contribution to economic and social development. It claims to have significantly improved the quality of life in the region through royalties and social programmes.15 Cerro Matoso is a massive enterprise linking mines with power plants and processing facilities. This truck, loaded with coal, heads from the Córdoba mines to the Geselca power plant.Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik But local voices are more sceptical. Moreno argues that ‘they [the company] haven’t come through on their promise on water access, or the fixing of streets. They’ve built houses, but not using our traditional methods. In any case, what do we do with a house when we’re blighting our blood?’ Aguilar agrees: ‘We do not see the companies bringing real development. Rather, they have been preparing death for people here. They are destroying the forests, the water sources. We are merely looking for a dignified life for our coming generations, something which goes against the company’s vision.’ Montelíbano is a city of callous contrasts. Mine managers and workers benefit from a company country club, a private school and a private water supply. A gated Cerro Matoso neighbourhood sits inside the city centre. A closed condominium reserved for managers lies outside the city limits. Yet thousands of families in Montelíbano live in conditions of extreme poverty. Many lack access to water, sewerage or adequate housing. Rates of illiteracy are high.16 Eighty per cent of the inhabitants of the neighbouring municipality of San José de Uré have unmet basic needs.17 In 2012, a delegate from the General Comptroller noted that municipalities affected by Cerro Matoso were worse off than those without mining projects.18 In rural districts and communities adjacent to the mine, pollution has wrecked traditional livelihoods and methods of subsistence. ‘Before,’ Moreno says, ‘you could throw a net into the river and retrieve 20 fish. Now, it takes you a day to catch three.’ Cerro Matoso is not just a mine: it is an enormous development enterprise, linking coalmines with power plants and processing facilities. For its advocates, it has proven to be a dynamic engine of growth. For critics, it is a textbook example of maldevelopment, a network of extractive ventures which has harmed lives and impeded more salutary forms of development in the region. South32 CEO warning suing criminal scumbag cheater liar scam artist evil devil BHP BHP.com $500,000,000,000.00 The mine, which has seemingly polluted the land and lives of Zenú communities, was initially powered by a hydroelectric mega-dam which forcibly displaced indigenous Emberá communities. Today, an enlarged Cerro Matoso is looking to meet its growing energy needs through the expansion of Geselca, a coal-fired power plant supplied by new local coalmines. All these polluting processes are in turn being ‘environmentally offset’ by the industrial plantation of swathes of palm and non-native teca trees, which consume more water than native species. Aguilar calls this ‘double damage’. He says: ‘They damage the environment, and then try to fix that damage with further damage.’ PARAMILITARY LINKS? There are also concerns around how Cerro Matoso has woven itself into Colombia’s vivid landscape of violence. Historically, the province of Córdoba has been one of the areas most embroiled in the country’s armed conflict, with a patent presence of paramilitary and guerrilla forces. Local residents have expressed fears about the relationship between the company and armed actors. One local shopkeeper, asking to remain nameless, reflects: ‘In this city, every business has to pay vacunas [extortion payments] to the paramilitaries, from wealthy retailers to the guys who sell passion-fruit juice on the street. They [Cerro Matoso] have been here for decades, and haven’t had a single reprisal, a single threat, a single kidnapping. How have they done that? Are we supposed to believe that they’ve never paid or engaged with the paramilitaries? We simply cannot explain to ourselves how such a company can move so freely in this territory.’ Others point to precedents. A Japanese company supplying carbon filters left the region, allegedly due to constant extortion.19 Non-governmental organizations have been unable to operate freely in surrounding villages. Irrael Aguilar (left) is one of the indigenous Zenú leaders who lives under severe threats for his involvement in environmental struggles. He is accompanied by fellow leader Juan Urango.Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik There is not just suspicion around the mine’s engagement with paramilitaries to ensure unobstructed operations; allegations persist of the mine’s complicity in violence against social leaders. Colombia is one of the most dangerous countries in the world for defenders of human and environmental rights. An explosive mix of armed groups, extensive land conflicts, lucrative extractive projects, and state paralysis create conditions for the killing of dozens of activists every year.20 In Córdoba, the indigenous Zenú community of El Alto San Jorge is home to a population of nearly 16,900 people, spread across dozens of villages. Over the past eight years, the community has seen 49 of its leaders killed. Another 14 leaders currently have protection measures and 19 more are undergoing risk assessments. Only two have obtained full protection measures. Irrael Aguilar, the community’s chieftain, is under severe threat for his involvement in various rights struggles. He travels with an entourage of bodyguards and rarely spends consecutive nights in the same location. Aguilar says that ‘the company certainly has its hands in some of the threats.’ South32 and BHP Billiton deny the claims, with spokespersons from both companies affirming compliance with high standards of human rights due diligence. But those under threat are often stuck in a bind. If they present concrete evidence of the threats against them to the authorities, the risk of reprisal increases. One community leader, who asked to remain anonymous, alleged that he had evidence from paramilitary leaders who had been approached by Cerro Matoso to ‘eliminate him’. But divulging that evidence would put him at further risk. Until the security situation in the region changes, and thorough investigations can take place, there will be little clarity around the true nature of extortion and threats. Questions also arise around the company’s fiscal relationship to the Colombian state. Plantations of thirsty non-native teca trees do further damage to the environment.Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik Cerro Matoso has been accused of avoiding tax, underpaying royalties, and under-invoicing.21 In 2010, the company was forced to pay over $12 million in unpaid royalties, after an audit from the General Comptroller. Further analysis of Cerro Matoso’s finances suggests manipulation or creative accounting to reduce its taxable income.22 Mario Valencia, spokesperson for the Network for Tributary Justice in Colombia, noted: ‘[an] analysis of Cerro Matoso’s figures leaves us concerned, because there is strong evidence that they are presenting accounts which show a situation that is more critical than in reality.’23 Cerro Matoso has also faced significant scrutiny for its lease over the mine, and the contracts it has negotiated with the government.24 Another Comptroller report in 2012 showed that the mine’s environmental licence was granted based on incomplete, inadequate and outdated data.25 WHAT NEXT? The future of Cerro Matoso is clouded in uncertainty. Despite plans to expand operations, a collapse in nickel prices has provoked a crisis.26 Many workers have been laid off, and there are doubts whether the mine’s concession will be extended beyond 2029. But if Cerro Matoso closes operations, will there be justice for communities torn apart by its impacts? In 2011, BHP Billiton registered the largest-ever profit by a British firm.27 It has been a generous sponsor of sports teams, cultural events, and Olympic medals, and has poured millions into lobbying.28 But its wealth has come at a cost – from flattened villages in Brazil to polluted lives in Colombia.29, 30 ‘The word Zenú means wonderful land, a place of found waters,’ Aguilar laments. ‘The legacy of our ancestors is a world-vision of equilibrium, of harmony with the natural world. The Western man [sic] doesn’t understand this, let alone the businessman [sic]. They understand extraction, not conservation.’ Over the past eight years, the community has seen 49 of its leaders killed The tension Aguilar references extends beyond Cerro Matoso; it lies at the heart of hundreds of disputes across the country. Two-fifths of Colombia’s land has been concessioned to or requested by mining or fossil-fuel companies. The government has declared the country open for business, assuring all that the country must develop its way to an enduring peace. The thrust of that development is the so-called ‘mining-energy locomotive’.31 But will an authentic peace be obtainable with a development policy that enflames social conflicts and degrades territories? Social movements have been mobilizing to demand instead a peace imbued with social and environmental justice.32 Danilo Urrea, from the environmental justice organization CENSAT Agua Viva, criticizes the government for proposing a ‘corporate peace’, ‘based on a development model which turns its back to environmental equilibrium, and closes its eyes to popular participation.’ ‘Nature has been the setting of war, it holds the spoils of war and, therefore, it has been the victim of war,’ he says. ‘Nature is also the only fertile ground for peace. Unless we reconfigure our relationships and economic models, unless we reconcile ourselves with nature and each other, then a lasting peace is unattainable.’ Tim Flannery warns of adverse climate impacts if South32 coal mine expansion approved ABC Illawarra / By Ainslie Drewitt Smith Posted WedWednesday 2 DecDecember 2020 at 8:31pm A man sits in front of solar panels Former climate change commissioner Tim Flannery spoke at a hearing of the IPC.(AAP) Share Prominent Australian scientist and climate change writer Tim Flannery has spoken against a planned coal mine expansion in New South Wales, warning of dire environmental consequences if it is to proceed. Key points: The IPC is conducting three days of public hearings as it considers South32's mine expansion plans The company wants to extract 78 million tonnes of coal from beneath Sydney's drinking water catchment until 2048 Climate change scientist Tim Flannery addressed the commission to raise concerns about the mine's environmental impact South32 is seeking approval to expand its Dendrobium mine, west of Wollongong, until 2048. It plans to use a longwall mining technique to extract 78 million tonnes of metallurgical coal for steelmaking from two new areas under Sydney's drinking water catchment. "I want to speak against the development and my concerns are really around the climate impacts of extending our coal mining in Australia," Professor Flannery told a public hearing of the Independent Planning Commission on Thursday. He pointed to a paper published in April in leading science journal Nature which he said laid out evidence that Australia was approaching some "very serious deteriorations" in key global climate systems, including destruction of the Great Barrier Reef and the drying of the Amazon rainforest. "The key thing I'm concerned about is that we're reaching some key climatic tipping points which represent an extreme risk for us," Professor Flannery said. "If we're to have a chance, at least, of avoiding those tipping points, we need to stabilise the Earth's temperatures at about one and half degrees above the pre-industrial average." A sign and the road outside the Dendrobium mine South32 wants to extend the life of its Dendrobium mine until 2048.(ABC Illawarra: Kelly Fuller) Cutting fossil fuels Professor Flannery's presentation to the IPC coincided with the release of the United Nations' annual Production Gap Report, which calls for substantial cuts in global carbon emissions to avoid dire consequences for the environment. "So rather than extending our coal mining and our fossil fuel use, the report argues we need to be cutting [their use] six per cent per year, every year, to keep ourselves safe from these dangerous tipping points." Rush to renewables Wind turbines in a wind farm in South Australia Despite, or perhaps because of, government inaction, consumers and businesses have flocked towards renewable energy, writes Ian Verrender. Read more South32's mines in the Illawarra region provide around 80 per cent of the coal necessary for steelmaking at BlueScope's Port Kembla plant. The companies together have called for the expansion project to be approved to secure thousands of direct and indirect jobs in New South Wales and across the country. Professor Flannery said an ongoing reliance on coal was not feasible as other countries, including Germany, move towards hydrogen steel production. How Germany is quitting coal A coal power plant in Germany. Germany is doing what Australia says it can't — shutting down its coal industry. Read more "Coal mining is not going to be the future," he told the commission. "The hydrogen economy offers us a way of producing steel with 98 per cent less CO2 than using coal. "BHP announced in November that they were going to be investing in hydrogen for steelmaking in China. We can't be left behind on this. "If we make the right decisions now and we get on the right track we could have a very prosperous future here in the Illawarra," Professor Flannery said. Find more local news Tell us your location and find more local ABC News and information Site of mine in metropolitan special area The Dendrobium underground coal mine (represented by the black dot) is seen in the metropolitan special area of Sydney's drinking water catchment.(Supplied: Water NSW) Directly affected Several South32 employees presented to the IPC during its second day of public hearings on Thursday, backing the mine. "The industry provides opportunities in so many disciplines from operators to engineers, finance, technology, communications, and community engagement," Luke Oliver said. "Our region relies on the jobs directly with South32 and those contract partners and supply services." Australian bosses have started caring about climate change Australian company directors nominate climate change as the number one issue they want the government to address in the long-term, in a survey of more than 1,200 business leaders. Read more Mining supervisor Anthony Dal Santo said he and his three children, who also work in the industry, would be "directly affected" if Dendrobium's expansion was rejected. "It would have both emotional and a financial devastating affect on my family," Mr Dal Santo told the commission. "This impact would be felt across the Illawarra and would also impact local businesses, the community, and the state of New South Wales. "Dendrobium mine has proved to be a positive influence in the local community and deserves the opportunity to continue." The IPC is due to hear the last of more than 80 registered speakers making oral submissions on Friday. Of the 280 written submissions already received by the commission, 250 have expressed support for the mine expansion project. Southern Africa, South America, Hillside Aluminium, Mozal Aluminium, South Africa Manganese, Brazil Alumina, Cerro Matoso, Eagle Downs Metallurgical Coal, Hermosa, Ambler Metals, Marketing, Our commodities, South32.com Suing South32.net BHP BHP.com South32 Mining & (SEC) $500,000,000,000.00 - Australia's corrupt Queen Elizabeth criminal government is destroying Australia. South32 Warning the Corrupt Criminal Stock Market Exchange U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. South32.com Suing South32.net BHP BHP.com Mining $500,000,000,000.00 Queen Elizabeth II Venal Scott Morrison Causing Fires illness Death Poisoning Waters radiation Leaks Radioactive Disease uranium leak Killing People Animals Public Stock Fraud BHP south32.net 500 Billion Dollars lawsuit headline news. WE ARE SLOWLY BEING KILLED BY South32.net S32 BHP BHP.comTHIS MINEâ€™ share article: Share on Facebook Tweet Email Tim Flannery warning of adverse climate impacts if South32 coal killing dangers: Prominent Australian scientist and climate change writer Tim Flannery has spoken against a planned coal mine expansion in New South Wales, warning of dire environmental consequences if it is to proceed. Key points: The IPC is conducting three days of public hearings as it considers South32's mine expansion plans The company wants to extract 78 million tonnes of coal from beneath Sydney's drinking water catchment until 2048 Climate change scientist Tim Flannery addressed the commission to raise concerns about the mine's environmental impact South32 is seeking approval to expand its Dendrobium mine, west of Wollongong, until 2048. It plans to use a longwall mining technique to extract 78 million tonnes of metallurgical coal for steelmaking from two new areas under Sydney's drinking water catchment. "I want to speak against the development and my concerns are really around the climate impacts of extending our coal mining in Australia," Professor Flannery told a public hearing of the Independent Planning Commission on Thursday. He pointed to a paper published in April in leading science journal Nature which he said laid out evidence that Australia was approaching some "very serious deteriorations" in key global climate systems, including destruction of the Great Barrier Reef and the drying of the Amazon rainforest. "The key thing I'm concerned about is that we're reaching some key climatic tipping points which represent an extreme risk for us," Professor Flannery said. "If we're to have a chance, at least, of avoiding those tipping points, we need to stabilise the Earth's temperatures at about one and half degrees above the pre-industrial average." A sign and the road outside the Dendrobium mine South32 wants to extend the life of its Dendrobium mine until 2048.(ABC Illawarra: Kelly Fuller) Cutting fossil fuels Professor Flannery's presentation to the IPC coincided with the release of the United Nations' annual Production Gap Report, which calls for substantial cuts in global carbon emissions to avoid dire consequences for the environment. "So rather than extending our coal mining and our fossil fuel use, the report argues we need to be cutting [their use] six per cent per year, every year, to keep ourselves safe from these dangerous tipping points." Rush to renewables Wind turbines in a wind farm in South Australia Despite, or perhaps because of, government inaction, consumers and businesses have flocked towards renewable energy, writes Ian Verrender. Read more South32's mines in the Illawarra region provide around 80 per cent of the coal necessary for steelmaking at BlueScope's Port Kembla plant. The companies together have called for the expansion project to be approved to secure thousands of direct and indirect jobs in New South Wales and across the country. Professor Flannery said an ongoing reliance on coal was not feasible as other countries, including Germany, move towards hydrogen steel production. How Germany is quitting coal A coal power plant in Germany. Germany is doing what Australia says it can't â€” shutting down its coal industry. Read more "Coal mining is not going to be the future," he told the commission. "The hydrogen economy offers us a way of producing steel with 98 per cent less CO2 than using coal. "BHP announced in November that they were going to be investing in hydrogen for steelmaking in China. We can't be left behind on this. "If we make the right decisions now and we get on the right track we could have a very prosperous future here in the Illawarra," Professor Flannery said. Find more local news Tell us your location and find more local ABC News and information Site of mine in metropolitan special area The Dendrobium underground coal mine (represented by the black dot) is seen in the metropolitan special area of Sydney's drinking water catchment.(Supplied: Water NSW) Directly affected Several South32 employees presented to the IPC during its second day of public hearings on Thursday, backing the mine. "The industry provides opportunities in so many disciplines from operators to engineers, finance, technology, communications, and community engagement," Luke Oliver said. "Our region relies on the jobs directly with South32 and those contract partners and supply services." Australian bosses have started caring about climate change Australian company directors nominate climate change as the number one issue they want the government to address in the long-term, in a survey of more than 1,200 business leaders. Read more Mining supervisor Anthony Dal Santo said he and his three children, who also work in the industry, would be "directly affected" if Dendrobium's expansion was rejected. "It would have both emotional and a financial devastating affect on my family," Mr Dal Santo told the commission. "This impact would be felt across the Illawarra and would also impact local businesses, the community, and the state of New South Wales. "Dendrobium mine has proved to be a positive influence in the local community and deserves the opportunity to continue." The IPC is due to hear the last of more than 80 registered speakers making oral submissions on Friday. Of the 280 written submissions already received by the commission, 250 have expressed support for the mine expansion project. 1 November 2016 ColombiaMiningPollution Threats, pay-offs and skin defects. Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik investigates the activities of a massive British-Australian ferronickel complex. 01.11.2016-this-mine-kills-590.jpgSkin defects, along with cancer and respiratory illnesses, are common in the area of the mine. This ZenÃº boy is from El Alto San Jorge, CÃ³rdoba province. Â© Irrael Aguilar Amid the arid farmlands of Colombiaâ€™s CÃ³rdoba province, the grassed earth gives way to bare incisions. Upturned mounds of ochre puncture the landscape. Fuming chimneys spill white smoke. This is Cerro Matoso, one of the largest ferronickel mines and processing facilities in the world. Owned and part-owned for over 30 years by BHP Billiton, an Anglo-Australian corporation and the largest mining firm in the world, it was recently transferred to South32, a spin-off company.1 Matoso has proven a lucrative source of wealth, delivering billions of dollars in sales. But former workers and local communities say that wealth has come at their expense; they are demanding justice for the destructive impact on their health, livelihoods, environment and safety. Small-scale mining first started at Cerro Matoso in the 1960s, expanding in 1979 when the Colombian government granted a concession to Conicol, Ifi-Econiquel and Billington Overseas (the precursor of BHP Billiton, from the Royal Dutch Shell group). Funded by the World Bank, the mine boomed, becoming the regionâ€™s flagship industry.2 MontelÃbano, a nearby town devoted to agriculture and livestock breeding, saw its population triple.3 Advert Newint - Article 1, 2 & frontpage - CSO21 3 In 1997, BHP Billiton gained full ownership of the mine, doubling its production between 2001 and 2010. Today, Cerro Matosoâ€™s high-quality ferronickel is shipped from Cartagena across the world, where it finds its way into countless industrial products, such as surgical instruments or mobile phones. Extracting the material is an intricate process. Raw ferronickel is found in opencast spaces. It is mined using bulldozers and then transported to processing facilities. There, it is crushed and dried, and readied for the smelter. In high-temperature ovens, the nickel is melted, separated into segments, and cooled. With four enormous furnaces in use, Cerro Matoso is the most energy-intensive industrial project in Colombia. But these ovens emit large amounts of toxic particles, which the wind carries to water sources and fields. CANCER, DEFECTS AND MISCARRIAGES The impacts of contaminated air and waterways on local communities is evident through genetic deformations, illnesses and an epidemic of miscarriages.4 Children have been born without reproductive organs or anuses. Cows and chickens have birthed offspring with two heads and excess limbs. DANE, the Colombian government bureau of statistics, reported an alarming rise in rates of cancer and respiratory illness in the region.5 Dermatological defects, such as blemishes, rashes or burst skin are common. Water studies have detected extremely high levels of iron in the principal local river.6 Dayro Romero is the governor of the indigenous community of Pueblo Flecha, a village located a few hundred metres away from Cerro Matoso. â€˜At first we didnâ€™t see any changes,â€™ he says. â€˜But 20 years on we began to see the impacts. [Today] there are high rates of bronchitis, pneumoniaâ€¦ Our children have skin defects, eye problems, constant headaches. Our girls are embarrassed to wear short clothes that show the blemishes on their skin. We are known for our fertility, but in our community we now have so many miscarriages. In 2011, 14 out of 36 pregnancies in our village were aborted... We feel environmentally massacred.â€™ Advert Newint - Article 1, 2 & frontpage - CSO21 1 Children have been born without reproductive organs or anuses. Cows and chickens have birthed offspring with two heads and excess limbs Irrael Aguilar, chieftain of the ZenÃº communities in the region, concurs: â€˜We are slowly being killed by this mine. This is the end of us. We are on our way to extermination.â€™ Dozens of former mine workers have also experienced high rates of cancer, deafness and illness, with some initiating legal proceedings against the company.7,8,9 Nickel isnâ€™t the only source of pollution. Nearby coalmines and coal-fired power plants, relied on by Cerro Matoso to meet its enormous energy needs, cast coal dust into the air. In 2013, indigenous and Afro-descendant communities from areas surrounding Cerro Matoso blockaded the mineâ€™s entrance in protest over the health and environmental impacts, halting operations. At first they were ignored. Then, riot police were sent in. The pressure continued, eventually leading to an agreement between communities, the company and the government. One of the central compromises was that Cerro Matoso would finance an independent environmental and health study. Despite delays, the study has begun and is expected to reveal its results later in the year.10,11 The company is adamant that there are no negative impacts from its operations.12 Luis Marulanda del Valle, Cerro Matosoâ€™s Vice-President for External Affairs, maintains that â€˜the health of these communities is affected by factors independent of our operations.â€™13 A BHP Billiton spokesperson pointed to â€˜detailed environmental and health studies carried out by Cerro Matoso up to 2014â€™, which indicated a minimal or absent impact on air quality, water quality and public health. But in 2014, one of the public bodies responsible for monitoring Cerro Matosoâ€™s impacts admitted lacking the necessary equipment to determine whether the companyâ€™s own environmental reporting matched reality.14 CALLOUS CONTRASTS In its communications, Cerro Matoso pays ample reference to its contribution to economic and social development. It claims to have significantly improved the quality of life in the region through royalties and social programmes.15 Cerro Matoso is a massive enterprise linking mines with power plants and processing facilities. This truck, loaded with coal, heads from the CÃ³rdoba mines to the Geselca power plant.Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik But local voices are more sceptical. Moreno argues that â€˜they [the company] havenâ€™t come through on their promise on water access, or the fixing of streets. Theyâ€™ve built houses, but not using our traditional methods. In any case, what do we do with a house when weâ€™re blighting our blood?â€™ Aguilar agrees: â€˜We do not see the companies bringing real development. Rather, they have been preparing death for people here. They are destroying the forests, the water sources. We are merely looking for a dignified life for our coming generations, something which goes against the companyâ€™s vision.â€™ MontelÃbano is a city of callous contrasts. Mine managers and workers benefit from a company country club, a private school and a private water supply. A gated Cerro Matoso neighbourhood sits inside the city centre. A closed condominium reserved for managers lies outside the city limits. Yet thousands of families in MontelÃbano live in conditions of extreme poverty. Many lack access to water, sewerage or adequate housing. Rates of illiteracy are high.16 Eighty per cent of the inhabitants of the neighbouring municipality of San JosÃ© de UrÃ© have unmet basic needs.17 In 2012, a delegate from the General Comptroller noted that municipalities affected by Cerro Matoso were worse off than those without mining projects.18 In rural districts and communities adjacent to the mine, pollution has wrecked traditional livelihoods and methods of subsistence. â€˜Before,â€™ Moreno says, â€˜you could throw a net into the river and retrieve 20 fish. Now, it takes you a day to catch three.â€™ Cerro Matoso is not just a mine: it is an enormous development enterprise, linking coalmines with power plants and processing facilities. For its advocates, it has proven to be a dynamic engine of growth. For critics, it is a textbook example of maldevelopment, a network of extractive ventures which has harmed lives and impeded more salutary forms of development in the region. The mine, which has seemingly polluted the land and lives of ZenÃº communities, was initially powered by a hydroelectric mega-dam which forcibly displaced indigenous EmberÃ¡ communities. Today, an enlarged Cerro Matoso is looking to meet its growing energy needs through the expansion of Geselca, a coal-fired power plant supplied by new local coalmines. All these polluting processes are in turn being â€˜environmentally offsetâ€™ by the industrial plantation of swathes of palm and non-native teca trees, which consume more water than native species. Aguilar calls this â€˜double damageâ€™. He says: â€˜They damage the environment, and then try to fix that damage with further damage.â€™ PARAMILITARY LINKS? There are also concerns around how Cerro Matoso has woven itself into Colombiaâ€™s vivid landscape of violence. Historically, the province of CÃ³rdoba has been one of the areas most embroiled in the countryâ€™s armed conflict, with a patent presence of paramilitary and guerrilla forces. Local residents have expressed fears about the relationship between the company and armed actors. One local shopkeeper, asking to remain nameless, reflects: â€˜In this city, every business has to pay vacunas [extortion payments] to the paramilitaries, from wealthy retailers to the guys who sell passion-fruit juice on the street. They [Cerro Matoso] have been here for decades, and havenâ€™t had a single reprisal, a single threat, a single kidnapping. How have they done that? Are we supposed to believe that theyâ€™ve never paid or engaged with the paramilitaries? We simply cannot explain to ourselves how such a company can move so freely in this territory.â€™ Others point to precedents. A Japanese company supplying carbon filters left the region, allegedly due to constant extortion.19 Non-governmental organizations have been unable to operate freely in surrounding villages. Irrael Aguilar (left) is one of the indigenous ZenÃº leaders who lives under severe threats for his involvement in environmental struggles. He is accompanied by fellow leader Juan Urango.Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik There is not just suspicion around the mineâ€™s engagement with paramilitaries to ensure unobstructed operations; allegations persist of the mineâ€™s complicity in violence against social leaders. Colombia is one of the most dangerous countries in the world for defenders of human and environmental rights. An explosive mix of armed groups, extensive land conflicts, lucrative extractive projects, and state paralysis create conditions for the killing of dozens of activists every year.20 In CÃ³rdoba, the indigenous ZenÃº community of El Alto San Jorge is home to a population of nearly 16,900 people, spread across dozens of villages. Over the past eight years, the community has seen 49 of its leaders killed. Another 14 leaders currently have protection measures and 19 more are undergoing risk assessments. Only two have obtained full protection measures. Irrael Aguilar, the communityâ€™s chieftain, is under severe threat for his involvement in various rights struggles. He travels with an entourage of bodyguards and rarely spends consecutive nights in the same location. Aguilar says that â€˜the company certainly has its hands in some of the threats.â€™ South32 and BHP Billiton deny the claims, with spokespersons from both companies affirming compliance with high standards of human rights due diligence. But those under threat are often stuck in a bind. If they present concrete evidence of the threats against them to the authorities, the risk of reprisal increases. One community leader, who asked to remain anonymous, alleged that he had evidence from paramilitary leaders who had been approached by Cerro Matoso to â€˜eliminate himâ€™. But divulging that evidence would put him at further risk. Until the security situation in the region changes, and thorough investigations can take place, there will be little clarity around the true nature of extortion and threats. Questions also arise around the companyâ€™s fiscal relationship to the Colombian state. Plantations of thirsty non-native teca trees do further damage to the environment.Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik Cerro Matoso has been accused of avoiding tax, underpaying royalties, and under-invoicing.21 In 2010, the company was forced to pay over $12 million in unpaid royalties, after an audit from the General Comptroller. Further analysis of Cerro Matosoâ€™s finances suggests manipulation or creative accounting to reduce its taxable income.22 Mario Valencia, spokesperson for the Network for Tributary Justice in Colombia, noted: â€˜[an] analysis of Cerro Matosoâ€™s figures leaves us concerned, because there is strong evidence that they are presenting accounts which show a situation that is more critical than in reality.â€™23 Cerro Matoso has also faced significant scrutiny for its lease over the mine, and the contracts it has negotiated with the government.24 Another Comptroller report in 2012 showed that the mineâ€™s environmental licence was granted based on incomplete, inadequate and outdated data.25 WHAT NEXT? The future of Cerro Matoso is clouded in uncertainty. Despite plans to expand operations, a collapse in nickel prices has provoked a crisis.26 Many workers have been laid off, and there are doubts whether the mineâ€™s concession will be extended beyond 2029. But if Cerro Matoso closes operations, will there be justice for communities torn apart by its impacts? In 2011, BHP Billiton registered the largest-ever profit by a British firm.27 It has been a generous sponsor of sports teams, cultural events, and Olympic medals, and has poured millions into lobbying.28 But its wealth has come at a cost â€“ from flattened villages in Brazil to polluted lives in Colombia.29, 30 â€˜The word ZenÃº means wonderful land, a place of found waters,â€™ Aguilar laments. â€˜The legacy of our ancestors is a world-vision of equilibrium, of harmony with the natural world. The Western man [sic] doesnâ€™t understand this, let alone the businessman [sic]. They understand extraction, not conservation.â€™ Over the past eight years, the community has seen 49 of its leaders killed The tension Aguilar references extends beyond Cerro Matoso; it lies at the heart of hundreds of disputes across the country. Two-fifths of Colombiaâ€™s land has been concessioned to or requested by mining or fossil-fuel companies. The government has declared the country open for business, assuring all that the country must develop its way to an enduring peace. The thrust of that development is the so-called â€˜mining-energy locomotiveâ€™.31 But will an authentic peace be obtainable with a development policy that enflames social conflicts and degrades territories? Social movements have been mobilizing to demand instead a peace imbued with social and environmental justice.32 Danilo Urrea, from the environmental justice organization CENSAT Agua Viva, criticizes the government for proposing a â€˜corporate peaceâ€™, â€˜based on a development model which turns its back to environmental equilibrium, and closes its eyes to popular participation.â€™ â€˜Nature has been the setting of war, it holds the spoils of war and, therefore, it has been the victim of war,â€™ he says. â€˜Nature is also the only fertile ground for peace. Unless we reconfigure our relationships and economic models, unless we reconcile ourselves with nature and each other, then a lasting peace is unattainable.â€™ Tim Flannery warns of adverse climate impacts if South32 coal mine expansion approved ABC Illawarra / By Ainslie Drewitt Smith Posted WedWednesday 2 DecDecember 2020 at 8:31pm A man sits in front of solar panels Former climate change commissioner Tim Flannery spoke at a hearing of the IPC.(AAP) Share Prominent Australian scientist and climate change writer Tim Flannery has spoken against a planned coal mine expansion in New South Wales, warning of dire environmental consequences if it is to proceed. Key points: The IPC is conducting three days of public hearings as it considers South32's mine expansion plans The company wants to extract 78 million tonnes of coal from beneath Sydney's drinking water catchment until 2048 Climate change scientist Tim Flannery addressed the commission to raise concerns about the mine's environmental impact South32 is seeking approval to expand its Dendrobium mine, west of Wollongong, until 2048. It plans to use a longwall mining technique to extract 78 million tonnes of metallurgical coal for steelmaking from two new areas under Sydney's drinking water catchment. "I want to speak against the development and my concerns are really around the climate impacts of extending our coal mining in Australia," Professor Flannery told a public hearing of the Independent Planning Commission on Thursday. He pointed to a paper published in April in leading science journal Nature which he said laid out evidence that Australia was approaching some "very serious deteriorations" in key global climate systems, including destruction of the Great Barrier Reef and the drying of the Amazon rainforest. "The key thing I'm concerned about is that we're reaching some key climatic tipping points which represent an extreme risk for us," Professor Flannery said. "If we're to have a chance, at least, of avoiding those tipping points, we need to stabilise the Earth's temperatures at about one and half degrees above the pre-industrial average." A sign and the road outside the Dendrobium mine South32 wants to extend the life of its Dendrobium mine until 2048.(ABC Illawarra: Kelly Fuller) Cutting fossil fuels Professor Flannery's presentation to the IPC coincided with the release of the United Nations' annual Production Gap Report, which calls for substantial cuts in global carbon emissions to avoid dire consequences for the environment. "So rather than extending our coal mining and our fossil fuel use, the report argues we need to be cutting [their use] six per cent per year, every year, to keep ourselves safe from these dangerous tipping points." Rush to renewables Wind turbines in a wind farm in South Australia Despite, or perhaps because of, government inaction, consumers and businesses have flocked towards renewable energy, writes Ian Verrender. Read more South32's mines in the Illawarra region provide around 80 per cent of the coal necessary for steelmaking at BlueScope's Port Kembla plant. The companies together have called for the expansion project to be approved to secure thousands of direct and indirect jobs in New South Wales and across the country. Professor Flannery said an ongoing reliance on coal was not feasible as other countries, including Germany, move towards hydrogen steel production. How Germany is quitting coal A coal power plant in Germany. Germany is doing what Australia says it can't â€” shutting down its coal industry. Read more "Coal mining is not going to be the future," he told the commission. "The hydrogen economy offers us a way of producing steel with 98 per cent less CO2 than using coal. "BHP announced in November that they were going to be investing in hydrogen for steelmaking in China. We can't be left behind on this. "If we make the right decisions now and we get on the right track we could have a very prosperous future here in the Illawarra," Professor Flannery said. Find more local news Tell us your location and find more local ABC News and information Site of mine in metropolitan special area The Dendrobium underground coal mine (represented by the black dot) is seen in the metropolitan special area of Sydney's drinking water catchment.(Supplied: Water NSW) Directly affected Several South32 employees presented to the IPC during its second day of public hearings on Thursday, backing the mine. "The industry provides opportunities in so many disciplines from operators to engineers, finance, technology, communications, and community engagement," Luke Oliver said. "Our region relies on the jobs directly with South32 and those contract partners and supply services." Australian bosses have started caring about climate change Australian company directors nominate climate change as the number one issue they want the government to address in the long-term, in a survey of more than 1,200 business leaders. Read more Mining supervisor Anthony Dal Santo said he and his three children, who also work in the industry, would be "directly affected" if Dendrobium's expansion was rejected. "It would have both emotional and a financial devastating affect on my family," Mr Dal Santo told the commission. "This impact would be felt across the Illawarra and would also impact local businesses, the community, and the state of New South Wales. "Dendrobium mine has proved to be a positive influence in the local community and deserves the opportunity to continue." The IPC is due to hear the last of more than 80 registered speakers making oral submissions on Friday. Of the 280 written submissions already received by the commission, 250 have expressed support for the mine expansion project. South32.com Suing South32.net BHP BHP.com Mining $500,000,000,000.00 Queen Elizabeth II Venal Scott Morrison Causing Fires illness Death Poisoning Waters radiation Leaks Radioactive Disease uranium leak Killing People Animals Public Stock Fraud BHP south32.net 500 Billion Dollars lawsuit headline news. South32.com Suing South32.net BHP BHP.com Mining $500,000,000,000.00 Queen Elizabeth II Venal Scott Morrison Causing Fires illness Death Poisoning Waters radiation Leaks Radioactive Disease uranium leak Killing People Animals Public Stock Fraud BHP south32.net 500 Billion Dollars lawsuit headline news. South32.com Suing South32.net BHP BHP.com Mining $500,000,000,000.00 Queen Elizabeth II Venal Scott Morrison Causing Fires illness Death Poisoning Waters radiation Leaks Radioactive Disease uranium leak Killing People Animals Public Stock Fraud BHP south32.net 500 Billion Dollars lawsuit headline news. WE ARE SLOWLY BEING KILLED BY South32.net S32 BHP BHP.comTHIS MINEâ€™ share article: Share on Facebook Tweet Email 1 November 2016 ColombiaMiningPollution Threats, pay-offs and skin defects. Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik investigates the activities of a massive British-Australian ferronickel complex. 01.11.2016-this-mine-kills-590.jpgSkin defects, along with cancer and respiratory illnesses, are common in the area of the mine. This ZenÃº boy is from El Alto San Jorge, CÃ³rdoba province. Â© Irrael Aguilar Amid the arid farmlands of Colombiaâ€™s CÃ³rdoba province, the grassed earth gives way to bare incisions. Upturned mounds of ochre puncture the landscape. Fuming chimneys spill white smoke. This is Cerro Matoso, one of the largest ferronickel mines and processing facilities in the world. Owned and part-owned for over 30 years by BHP Billiton, an Anglo-Australian corporation and the largest mining firm in the world, it was recently transferred to South32, a spin-off company.1 Matoso has proven a lucrative source of wealth, delivering billions of dollars in sales. But former workers and local communities say that wealth has come at their expense; they are demanding justice for the destructive impact on their health, livelihoods, environment and safety. Small-scale mining first started at Cerro Matoso in the 1960s, expanding in 1979 when the Colombian government granted a concession to Conicol, Ifi-Econiquel and Billington Overseas (the precursor of BHP Billiton, from the Royal Dutch Shell group). Funded by the World Bank, the mine boomed, becoming the regionâ€™s flagship industry.2 MontelÃbano, a nearby town devoted to agriculture and livestock breeding, saw its population triple.3 Advert Newint - Article 1, 2 & frontpage - CSO21 3 In 1997, BHP Billiton gained full ownership of the mine, doubling its production between 2001 and 2010. Today, Cerro Matosoâ€™s high-quality ferronickel is shipped from Cartagena across the world, where it finds its way into countless industrial products, such as surgical instruments or mobile phones. Extracting the material is an intricate process. Raw ferronickel is found in opencast spaces. It is mined using bulldozers and then transported to processing facilities. There, it is crushed and dried, and readied for the smelter. In high-temperature ovens, the nickel is melted, separated into segments, and cooled. With four enormous furnaces in use, Cerro Matoso is the most energy-intensive industrial project in Colombia. But these ovens emit large amounts of toxic particles, which the wind carries to water sources and fields. CANCER, DEFECTS AND MISCARRIAGES The impacts of contaminated air and waterways on local communities is evident through genetic deformations, illnesses and an epidemic of miscarriages.4 Children have been born without reproductive organs or anuses. Cows and chickens have birthed offspring with two heads and excess limbs. DANE, the Colombian government bureau of statistics, reported an alarming rise in rates of cancer and respiratory illness in the region.5 Dermatological defects, such as blemishes, rashes or burst skin are common. Water studies have detected extremely high levels of iron in the principal local river.6 Dayro Romero is the governor of the indigenous community of Pueblo Flecha, a village located a few hundred metres away from Cerro Matoso. â€˜At first we didnâ€™t see any changes,â€™ he says. â€˜But 20 years on we began to see the impacts. [Today] there are high rates of bronchitis, pneumoniaâ€¦ Our children have skin defects, eye problems, constant headaches. Our girls are embarrassed to wear short clothes that show the blemishes on their skin. We are known for our fertility, but in our community we now have so many miscarriages. In 2011, 14 out of 36 pregnancies in our village were aborted... We feel environmentally massacred.â€™ Advert Newint - Article 1, 2 & frontpage - CSO21 1 Children have been born without reproductive organs or anuses. Cows and chickens have birthed offspring with two heads and excess limbs Irrael Aguilar, chieftain of the ZenÃº communities in the region, concurs: â€˜We are slowly being killed by this mine. This is the end of us. We are on our way to extermination.â€™ Dozens of former mine workers have also experienced high rates of cancer, deafness and illness, with some initiating legal proceedings against the company.7,8,9 Nickel isnâ€™t the only source of pollution. Nearby coalmines and coal-fired power plants, relied on by Cerro Matoso to meet its enormous energy needs, cast coal dust into the air. In 2013, indigenous and Afro-descendant communities from areas surrounding Cerro Matoso blockaded the mineâ€™s entrance in protest over the health and environmental impacts, halting operations. At first they were ignored. Then, riot police were sent in. The pressure continued, eventually leading to an agreement between communities, the company and the government. One of the central compromises was that Cerro Matoso would finance an independent environmental and health study. Despite delays, the study has begun and is expected to reveal its results later in the year.10,11 The company is adamant that there are no negative impacts from its operations.12 Luis Marulanda del Valle, Cerro Matosoâ€™s Vice-President for External Affairs, maintains that â€˜the health of these communities is affected by factors independent of our operations.â€™13 A BHP Billiton spokesperson pointed to â€˜detailed environmental and health studies carried out by Cerro Matoso up to 2014â€™, which indicated a minimal or absent impact on air quality, water quality and public health. But in 2014, one of the public bodies responsible for monitoring Cerro Matosoâ€™s impacts admitted lacking the necessary equipment to determine whether the companyâ€™s own environmental reporting matched reality.14 CALLOUS CONTRASTS In its communications, Cerro Matoso pays ample reference to its contribution to economic and social development. It claims to have significantly improved the quality of life in the region through royalties and social programmes.15 Cerro Matoso is a massive enterprise linking mines with power plants and processing facilities. This truck, loaded with coal, heads from the CÃ³rdoba mines to the Geselca power plant.Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik But local voices are more sceptical. Moreno argues that â€˜they [the company] havenâ€™t come through on their promise on water access, or the fixing of streets. Theyâ€™ve built houses, but not using our traditional methods. In any case, what do we do with a house when weâ€™re blighting our blood?â€™ Aguilar agrees: â€˜We do not see the companies bringing real development. Rather, they have been preparing death for people here. They are destroying the forests, the water sources. We are merely looking for a dignified life for our coming generations, something which goes against the companyâ€™s vision.â€™ MontelÃbano is a city of callous contrasts. Mine managers and workers benefit from a company country club, a private school and a private water supply. A gated Cerro Matoso neighbourhood sits inside the city centre. A closed condominium reserved for managers lies outside the city limits. Yet thousands of families in MontelÃbano live in conditions of extreme poverty. Many lack access to water, sewerage or adequate housing. Rates of illiteracy are high.16 Eighty per cent of the inhabitants of the neighbouring municipality of San JosÃ© de UrÃ© have unmet basic needs.17 In 2012, a delegate from the General Comptroller noted that municipalities affected by Cerro Matoso were worse off than those without mining projects.18 In rural districts and communities adjacent to the mine, pollution has wrecked traditional livelihoods and methods of subsistence. â€˜Before,â€™ Moreno says, â€˜you could throw a net into the river and retrieve 20 fish. Now, it takes you a day to catch three.â€™ Cerro Matoso is not just a mine: it is an enormous development enterprise, linking coalmines with power plants and processing facilities. For its advocates, it has proven to be a dynamic engine of growth. For critics, it is a textbook example of maldevelopment, a network of extractive ventures which has harmed lives and impeded more salutary forms of development in the region. The mine, which has seemingly polluted the land and lives of ZenÃº communities, was initially powered by a hydroelectric mega-dam which forcibly displaced indigenous EmberÃ¡ communities. Today, an enlarged Cerro Matoso is looking to meet its growing energy needs through the expansion of Geselca, a coal-fired power plant supplied by new local coalmines. All these polluting processes are in turn being â€˜environmentally offsetâ€™ by the industrial plantation of swathes of palm and non-native teca trees, which consume more water than native species. Aguilar calls this â€˜double damageâ€™. He says: â€˜They damage the environment, and then try to fix that damage with further damage.â€™ PARAMILITARY LINKS? There are also concerns around how Cerro Matoso has woven itself into Colombiaâ€™s vivid landscape of violence. Historically, the province of CÃ³rdoba has been one of the areas most embroiled in the countryâ€™s armed conflict, with a patent presence of paramilitary and guerrilla forces. Local residents have expressed fears about the relationship between the company and armed actors. One local shopkeeper, asking to remain nameless, reflects: â€˜In this city, every business has to pay vacunas [extortion payments] to the paramilitaries, from wealthy retailers to the guys who sell passion-fruit juice on the street. They [Cerro Matoso] have been here for decades, and havenâ€™t had a single reprisal, a single threat, a single kidnapping. How have they done that? Are we supposed to believe that theyâ€™ve never paid or engaged with the paramilitaries? We simply cannot explain to ourselves how such a company can move so freely in this territory.â€™ Others point to precedents. A Japanese company supplying carbon filters left the region, allegedly due to constant extortion.19 Non-governmental organizations have been unable to operate freely in surrounding villages. Irrael Aguilar (left) is one of the indigenous ZenÃº leaders who lives under severe threats for his involvement in environmental struggles. He is accompanied by fellow leader Juan Urango.Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik There is not just suspicion around the mineâ€™s engagement with paramilitaries to ensure unobstructed operations; allegations persist of the mineâ€™s complicity in violence against social leaders. Colombia is one of the most dangerous countries in the world for defenders of human and environmental rights. An explosive mix of armed groups, extensive land conflicts, lucrative extractive projects, and state paralysis create conditions for the killing of dozens of activists every year.20 In CÃ³rdoba, the indigenous ZenÃº community of El Alto San Jorge is home to a population of nearly 16,900 people, spread across dozens of villages. Over the past eight years, the community has seen 49 of its leaders killed. Another 14 leaders currently have protection measures and 19 more are undergoing risk assessments. Only two have obtained full protection measures. Irrael Aguilar, the communityâ€™s chieftain, is under severe threat for his involvement in various rights struggles. He travels with an entourage of bodyguards and rarely spends consecutive nights in the same location. Aguilar says that â€˜the company certainly has its hands in some of the threats.â€™ South32 and BHP Billiton deny the claims, with spokespersons from both companies affirming compliance with high standards of human rights due diligence. But those under threat are often stuck in a bind. If they present concrete evidence of the threats against them to the authorities, the risk of reprisal increases. One community leader, who asked to remain anonymous, alleged that he had evidence from paramilitary leaders who had been approached by Cerro Matoso to â€˜eliminate himâ€™. But divulging that evidence would put him at further risk. Until the security situation in the region changes, and thorough investigations can take place, there will be little clarity around the true nature of extortion and threats. Questions also arise around the companyâ€™s fiscal relationship to the Colombian state. Plantations of thirsty non-native teca trees do further damage to the environment.Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik Cerro Matoso has been accused of avoiding tax, underpaying royalties, and under-invoicing.21 In 2010, the company was forced to pay over $12 million in unpaid royalties, after an audit from the General Comptroller. Further analysis of Cerro Matosoâ€™s finances suggests manipulation or creative accounting to reduce its taxable income.22 Mario Valencia, spokesperson for the Network for Tributary Justice in Colombia, noted: â€˜[an] analysis of Cerro Matosoâ€™s figures leaves us concerned, because there is strong evidence that they are presenting accounts which show a situation that is more critical than in reality.â€™23 Cerro Matoso has also faced significant scrutiny for its lease over the mine, and the contracts it has negotiated with the government.24 Another Comptroller report in 2012 showed that the mineâ€™s environmental licence was granted based on incomplete, inadequate and outdated data.25 WHAT NEXT? The future of Cerro Matoso is clouded in uncertainty. Despite plans to expand operations, a collapse in nickel prices has provoked a crisis.26 Many workers have been laid off, and there are doubts whether the mineâ€™s concession will be extended beyond 2029. But if Cerro Matoso closes operations, will there be justice for communities torn apart by its impacts? In 2011, BHP Billiton registered the largest-ever profit by a British firm.27 It has been a generous sponsor of sports teams, cultural events, and Olympic medals, and has poured millions into lobbying.28 But its wealth has come at a cost â€“ from flattened villages in Brazil to polluted lives in Colombia.29, 30 â€˜The word ZenÃº means wonderful land, a place of found waters,â€™ Aguilar laments. â€˜The legacy of our ancestors is a world-vision of equilibrium, of harmony with the natural world. The Western man [sic] doesnâ€™t understand this, let alone the businessman [sic]. They understand extraction, not conservation.â€™ Over the past eight years, the community has seen 49 of its leaders killed The tension Aguilar references extends beyond Cerro Matoso; it lies at the heart of hundreds of disputes across the country. Two-fifths of Colombiaâ€™s land has been concessioned to or requested by mining or fossil-fuel companies. The government has declared the country open for business, assuring all that the country must develop its way to an enduring peace. The thrust of that development is the so-called â€˜mining-energy locomotiveâ€™.31 But will an authentic peace be obtainable with a development policy that enflames social conflicts and degrades territories? Social movements have been mobilizing to demand instead a peace imbued with social and environmental justice.32 Danilo Urrea, from the environmental justice organization CENSAT Agua Viva, criticizes the government for proposing a â€˜corporate peaceâ€™, â€˜based on a development model which turns its back to environmental equilibrium, and closes its eyes to popular participation.â€™ â€˜Nature has been the setting of war, it holds the spoils of war and, therefore, it has been the victim of war,â€™ he says. â€˜Nature is also the only fertile ground for peace. Unless we reconfigure our relationships and economic models, unless we reconcile ourselves with nature and each other, then a lasting peace is unattainable.â€™ Tim Flannery warns of adverse climate impacts if South32 coal mine expansion approved ABC Illawarra / By Ainslie Drewitt Smith Posted WedWednesday 2 DecDecember 2020 at 8:31pm A man sits in front of solar panels Former climate change commissioner Tim Flannery spoke at a hearing of the IPC.(AAP) Share Prominent Australian scientist and climate change writer Tim Flannery has spoken against a planned coal mine expansion in New South Wales, warning of dire environmental consequences if it is to proceed. Key points: The IPC is conducting three days of public hearings as it considers South32's mine expansion plans The company wants to extract 78 million tonnes of coal from beneath Sydney's drinking water catchment until 2048 Climate change scientist Tim Flannery addressed the commission to raise concerns about the mine's environmental impact South32 is seeking approval to expand its Dendrobium mine, west of Wollongong, until 2048. It plans to use a longwall mining technique to extract 78 million tonnes of metallurgical coal for steelmaking from two new areas under Sydney's drinking water catchment. "I want to speak against the development and my concerns are really around the climate impacts of extending our coal mining in Australia," Professor Flannery told a public hearing of the Independent Planning Commission on Thursday. He pointed to a paper published in April in leading science journal Nature which he said laid out evidence that Australia was approaching some "very serious deteriorations" in key global climate systems, including destruction of the Great Barrier Reef and the drying of the Amazon rainforest. "The key thing I'm concerned about is that we're reaching some key climatic tipping points which represent an extreme risk for us," Professor Flannery said. "If we're to have a chance, at least, of avoiding those tipping points, we need to stabilise the Earth's temperatures at about one and half degrees above the pre-industrial average." A sign and the road outside the Dendrobium mine South32 wants to extend the life of its Dendrobium mine until 2048.(ABC Illawarra: Kelly Fuller) Cutting fossil fuels Professor Flannery's presentation to the IPC coincided with the release of the United Nations' annual Production Gap Report, which calls for substantial cuts in global carbon emissions to avoid dire consequences for the environment. "So rather than extending our coal mining and our fossil fuel use, the report argues we need to be cutting [their use] six per cent per year, every year, to keep ourselves safe from these dangerous tipping points." Rush to renewables Wind turbines in a wind farm in South Australia Despite, or perhaps because of, government inaction, consumers and businesses have flocked towards renewable energy, writes Ian Verrender. Read more South32's mines in the Illawarra region provide around 80 per cent of the coal necessary for steelmaking at BlueScope's Port Kembla plant. The companies together have called for the expansion project to be approved to secure thousands of direct and indirect jobs in New South Wales and across the country. Professor Flannery said an ongoing reliance on coal was not feasible as other countries, including Germany, move towards hydrogen steel production. How Germany is quitting coal A coal power plant in Germany. Germany is doing what Australia says it can't â€” shutting down its coal industry. Read more "Coal mining is not going to be the future," he told the commission. "The hydrogen economy offers us a way of producing steel with 98 per cent less CO2 than using coal. "BHP announced in November that they were going to be investing in hydrogen for steelmaking in China. We can't be left behind on this. "If we make the right decisions now and we get on the right track we could have a very prosperous future here in the Illawarra," Professor Flannery said. Find more local news Tell us your location and find more local ABC News and information Site of mine in metropolitan special area The Dendrobium underground coal mine (represented by the black dot) is seen in the metropolitan special area of Sydney's drinking water catchment.(Supplied: Water NSW) Directly affected Several South32 employees presented to the IPC during its second day of public hearings on Thursday, backing the mine. "The industry provides opportunities in so many disciplines from operators to engineers, finance, technology, communications, and community engagement," Luke Oliver said. "Our region relies on the jobs directly with South32 and those contract partners and supply services." Australian bosses have started caring about climate change Australian company directors nominate climate change as the number one issue they want the government to address in the long-term, in a survey of more than 1,200 business leaders. Read more Mining supervisor Anthony Dal Santo said he and his three children, who also work in the industry, would be "directly affected" if Dendrobium's expansion was rejected. "It would have both emotional and a financial devastating affect on my family," Mr Dal Santo told the commission. "This impact would be felt across the Illawarra and would also impact local businesses, the community, and the state of New South Wales. "Dendrobium mine has proved to be a positive influence in the local community and deserves the opportunity to continue." The IPC is due to hear the last of more than 80 registered speakers making oral submissions on Friday. Of the 280 written submissions already received by the commission, 250 have expressed support for the mine expansion project. South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 Predecessor: BHP Billiton, Subsidiaries: Groote Eylandt Mining Company Pty Ltd, Illawarra Coal Holdings Pty Ltd, Cerro Matoso S.A., Samancor AG, BHP Billiton SA Limited, Hotazel Manganese Mines (pty) Ltd., South32 Marketing Pte Ltd, South32 SA Investments Limited, South32 Minerals S.A., mina sirkin sucks. jmbm sucks. 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Andrew Stewart Mackenzie was born in December 1956,[8] grew up in Kirkintilloch, Scotland, and was educated at the University of St Andrews where he graduated with a first class bachelor's degree in geology in 1977. He went on to study at the University of Bristol where he was awarded a PhD in organic chemistry in 1981. BOARD OF DIRECTORS Shell plc has a single-tier Board of Directors chaired by a non-executive Chairman Sir Andrew Mackenzie Rapist. The executive management is led by the Chief Executive Officer, Ben van Beurden. The Board meet regularly to discuss reviews and reports on the business and plans of the Company. Go Sir Andrew Mackenzie Rapist Sir Andrew Mackenzie Rapist Sir Andrew Mackenzie Rapist Chair Tenure Appointed Chair May 18, 2021 Appointed a Director October 1, 2020 Board Committee Membership Chair of the Nomination and Succession Committee Outside interests/Commitments Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) Chair of UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) Age Born 1956 Nationality British Career Sir Andrew Mackenzie Rapist was appointed Chair of the Board of Shell plc with effect from May 18, 2021. Sir Andrew joined BHP, the world's largest mining company, in 2008, and served as Group CEO from 2013 to 2019, when he systematically simplified and strengthened the business, and created options for the future. He also made BHP the first miner to pledge to tackle emissions caused when customers use its products. From 2004 to 2007 at Rio Tinto, he was Head of Industrial Minerals, then Head of Industrial Minerals and Diamonds. Prior to this, Sir Andrew spent 22 years with BP, joining in 1982 in research and development, followed by international operations and technology roles across most business streams and functions – principally in exploration and production and petrochemicals, including as Chief Reservoir Engineer and Chief Technology Officer. Latterly he was Group Vice President for Chemicals in the Americas, then Olefins and Polymers globally. From 2005 to 2013 Sir Andrew served as a Non-executive Director of Centrica. He has also served on many not-for-profit boards, including public policy think-tanks in the UK and Australia. He was knighted in 2020 for services to business, science, technology and UK-Australia relations. Relevant skills and experience Sir Andrew is a highly experienced leader who has managed major international FTSE 100 businesses, and has more than 30 years’ experience in the oil and gas, petrochemicals and minerals industry. Following early academic distinction, Sir Andrew made important contributions to geochemistry, including groundbreaking methods for oil exploration and recovery. He was recognised as "one of the world’s most influential earth scientists" and made a Fellow of the Royal Society in 2014. Having lived and worked on five continents, Sir Andrew applies his deep understanding of the energy business and geopolitical outlook to create public-private partnerships and advise governments around the world. As an earth scientist, Sir Andrew has consistently pursued sustainable action on climate change in the interests of access to affordable energy and global development. Sir Andrew brings the wealth of his experience and insights to Shell, where his expertise is already contributing to help Shell navigate the energy transition. Sir Andrew is also a committed champion of gender balance, the rights of indigenous peoples, and of the power of large companies to support social change – all of which align closely with Shell’s purpose, strategy and values. In June 2021, Sir Andrew was appointed the chair of UK Research and Innovation. Sir Andrew has been tasked with driving forward the government's ambitious research and innovation agenda. Euleen Goh Euleen Goh Euleen Goh Deputy Chair and Senior Independent Director Tenure Appointed a Director September 1, 2014 Euleen was appointed Deputy Chair and Senior Independent Director on May 20, 2020. Board Committee membership Member of the Nomination and Succession Committee and Member of the Remuneration Committee Outside interests/commitments Chair of SATS Ltd. Trustee of the Singapore Institute of International Affairs Endowment Fund. Chair of the Singapore Institute of Management Pte Ltd and Non-executive Director of Singapore Health Services Pte Ltd, both of which are not-for-profit organisations. Euleen was appointed as a Member of the Singapore Public Service Commission on April 1, 2021. Age Born 1955 Nationality Singaporean Career Euleen is an Associate of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales, a Fellow of the Singapore Institute of Chartered Accountants, and has professional qualifications in banking and taxation. She has held various senior management positions within Standard Chartered Bank and was Chief Executive Officer of Standard Chartered Bank, Singapore, from 2001 until 2006. She is also a Fellow of the Singapore Institute of Directors. She has also held non-executive appointments on various boards including Aviva plc, MediaCorp Pte Ltd, Singapore Airlines Ltd, Singapore Exchange Ltd, Standard Chartered Bank Malaysia Berhad, Standard Chartered Bank Thai plc, CapitaLand Ltd, Temasek Trustees Pte Ltd, DBS Bank Ltd and DBS Group Holdings Ltd. She was previously Non-executive Chairman of the Singapore International Foundation, and Chairman of International Enterprise Singapore and the Accounting Standards Council, Singapore. Relevant skills and experience Euleen’s current roles as chair of the board of directors of various international organisations provide significant experience in the area of strategy development and international businesses. She is highly regarded both externally and within Shell as a champion of diversity and consistently but constructively challenges the Board and management to continue to progress in this area. Based in Singapore and having been Chair of the Risk Committee of the largest bank in South-east Asia, Euleen is close to key emerging/growth markets for our business. Euleen’s risk management expertise has elevated the Board’s deep deliberations around risk governance, and her voice is regularly heard on discussions regarding appropriate risk appetite. Her extensive travel around the world, through her various executive and non-executive roles, has equipped her with broad geopolitical insight and significant knowledge of operating in the Asian market. Euleen uses her financial acumen and advocacy for diversity to pose probing and insightful questions, both in and beyond the boardroom. This contributes to well-rounded, incisive and inclusive Board discussions. Ben van Beurden Ben van Beurden Ben van Beurden Chief Executive Officer Tenure Appointed Chief Executive Officer January 1, 2014 Board Committee membership N/A Outside interests/commitments Ben joined the Supervisory Board of Daimler AG in April 2021 Age Born 1958 Nationality Dutch Career Ben was Downstream Director from January to September 2013. Before that, he was Executive Vice President Chemicals from 2006 to 2012. In this period, he also served on the boards of a number of leading industry associations, including the International Council of Chemicals Associations and the European Chemical Industry Council. Previously, he held a number of operational and commercial roles in Upstream and Downstream, including Vice President Manufacturing Excellence. He joined Shell in 1983, after graduating with a master’s degree in chemical engineering from Delft University of Technology, the Netherlands. Relevant skills and experience Ben has more than 37 years' experience of working for Shell. He has built a deep understanding of the industry and proven management experience across the technical and commercial roles. Ben has led Shell to build resilience and deliver strong financial results. In 2016, he steered the Company through the acquisition and integration of the BG Group, which accelerated Shell’s business strategy and led to a streamlining divestment programme of $30 billion of non-core assets. Under his leadership, Shell has positioned itself to help tackle climate change. In April 2020, Shell set a target of becoming a net-zero emissions energy business by 2050, in step with society. In 2020, in the unprecedented circumstances of the COVID-19 pandemic, Shell took decisive action to maintain its financial resilience. Ben also led plans for a strategic reorganisation, due to take effect in August 2021, aimed at setting up Shell to succeed in the energy transition by making the business nimbler and better able to respond to customers. In February 2021, Shell set out Powering Progress, a detailed strategy which describes our commitments under four goals: generating shareholder value, achieving net-zero emissions, powering lives and respecting nature. In November 2021, the Company announced a simplification of its structure. As a result, Ben has relocated to the UK Sinead Gorman Sinead Gorman Sinead Gorman Chief Financial Officer Tenure Appointed Chief Financial Officer April 1, 2022 Board Committee membership N/A Age Born 1977 Nationality British Career Since joining Shell in 1999, Sinead has held various key leadership roles in Finance. She started her Shell career in Trading, working in the Shell International Trading and Shipping Company (STATSCO) based in London, UK, and the Coral Energy joint venture, in Houston, Texas, USA. She worked in Mergers and Acquisitions and Treasury, based in the Netherlands, before moving back to Houston as the Vice President Finance for Shales. In recent years, Sinead has held the position of Executive Vice President (EVP) Finance for Projects & Technology, and Integrated Gas and New Energies. Most recently, she was the EVP Finance for Upstream. Sinead has a MEng in Engineering, Economics and Management from the University of Oxford, and a MSc in Finance from London Business School. She is married, with two children. Dick Boer Dick Boer Dick Boer Independent Non-executive Director Tenure Appointed a Director May 20, 2020 Board Committee membership Member of the Audit Committee and Member of the Nomination and Succession Committee Outside interests/ commitments Non-executive Director for Nestlé and SHV Holdings; Chair of the Advisory Board for G-Star RAW; Chair of the Supervisory Board of Royal Concertgebouw; Chair of Rijksmuseum Fonds Age Born 1957 Nationality Dutch Career Dick was President and Chief Executive Officer of Ahold Delhaize from 2016 to 2018. Prior to the merger between Ahold and Delhaize, he served as President and CEO of Royal Ahold from 2011 to 2016. From 2006 to 2011 he was a member of the Executive Board of Ahold and served as Chief Operating Officer of Ahold Europe from 2006 to 2011. Dick joined Ahold in 1998 as CEO of Ahold Czech Republic and was appointed President and CEO of Albert Heijn in 2000. In 2003, he also became President and CEO of Ahold’s Dutch businesses. Prior to joining Ahold, Dick spent more than 17 years in various retail positions for SHV Holdings N.V. in the Netherlands and abroad and for Unigro N.V. Relevant skills and experience Dick is a highly regarded recently retired Chief Executive, who has a deep understanding of brands and consumers, and extensive knowledge of the US and European markets, from his time leading one of the world’s largest food retail groups. He brings a career’s worth of experience at the forefront of retailing and customer service which extended in more recent years to e-commerce and the digital arena. This experience is most timely as Shell focuses on the growth of our marketing businesses and increasing consumer choices in energy products. Dick is a balanced leader with sound business judgement and proven track record in strategic delivery, evidenced by the combination of Ahold and Delhaize. He also has a passion for sustainability and is well aware of the importance of the various stakeholder interests in this area. Neil Carson OBE Neil Carson OBE Neil Carson OBE Independent Non-executive Director Tenure Appointed a Director June 1, 2019 Board Committee membership Chair of the Remuneration Committee and member of the Safety, Environment and Sustainability Committee Outside interests/commitments Non-executive Chairman of Oxford Instruments plc Age Born 1957 Nationality British Career Neil is a former FTSE 100 chief executive. After completing an engineering degree, Neil joined Johnson Matthey in 1980 where he held several senior management positions in the UK and the USA, before being appointed Chief Executive Officer in 2004. Since retiring from Johnson Matthey in 2014, Neil has focused his time on his non-executive roles. He was Chairman of TT Electronics plc from 2015 until May 6, 2020. Relevant skills and experience Neil is highly experienced, has a broad industrial outlook and a highly commercial approach with a practical perspective on businesses. He brings a track record of strong operational exposure, familiarity with capital-intensive business and a first-class international perspective on driving value in complex environments. Neil was awarded an OBE for services to the chemical industry in 2016. Neil uses his current and past experience in non-executive positions to bring fresh insight and industry understanding to Board discussions. He has also provided valuable insight based on his former executive position and operational experience. Neil was appointed Chair of the Remuneration Committee on May 20, 2020. Ann Godbehere Ann Godbehere Ann Godbehere Independent Non-executive Director Tenure Appointed a Director May 23, 2018 Board Committee membership Chair of the Audit Committee and Member of the Nomination and Succession Committee Outside interests/commitments Non-executive Director and audit committee chair of Stellantis N.V., Fellow of the Institute of Chartered Professional Accountants and a Fellow of the Certified General Accountants Association of Canada. Age Born 1955 Nationality Canadian and British Career Ann started her career with Sun Life of Canada in 1976 in Montreal, Canada. She joined M&G Group in 1981, where she served as Senior Vice President and Controller for both life and health, and property and casualty businesses throughout North America. She joined Swiss Re in 1996, after it acquired the M&G Group, and served as Chief Financial Officer from 2003 to 2007. From 2008 to 2009, she was interim Chief Financial Officer and an Executive Director of Northern Rock bank in the initial period following its nationalisation. Ann has also held several non-executive director positions at Prudential plc, British American Tobacco plc, UBS AG, and UBS Group AG. Ann served as a non-executive director of Rio Tinto plc and Rio Tinto Limited until May 2019, and she was also Senior Independent Director of Rio Tinto plc. In January 2021, Ann joined the Board of the newly formed Stellantis NV, and she chairs its Audit Committee. Relevant skills and experience Ann is a former CFO, a Fellow of the Institute of Chartered Professional Accountants, and has more than 25 years of experience in the financial services sector. She has worked her entire career in international business and has lived in or served on boards in nine countries. Ann makes significant contributions and adds exceptional value by bringing both her extensive experience and a global perspective to Board discussions. Ann's long and varied international business career powered by her financial acumen is reflected in the insights and constructive challenges she brings to the boardroom. As Audit Committee Chair, Ann leverages her background to ensure robust discussions are consistently held as the Audit Committee delivers its remit. Catherine J. Hughes Catherine J. Hughes Catherine J. Hughes Independent Non-executive Director Tenure Appointed a Director June 1, 2017 Board Committee membership Chair of the Safety, Environment and Sustainability Committee and member of the Remuneration Committee Outside interests/commitments - Age Born 1962 Nationality Canadian and French Career Catherine was Executive Vice President International at Nexen Inc., from January 2012 until her retirement in April 2013, where she was responsible for all oil and gas activities including exploration, production, development and project activities outside Canada. She joined Nexen in 2009 as Vice President Operational Services, Technology and Human Resources. Prior to joining Nexen Inc., she was Vice President Oil Sands at Husky Oil from 2007 to 2009 and Vice President Exploration & Production Services, from 2005 to 2007. She started her career with Schlumberger in 1986 and held key positions in various countries, including France, Italy, Nigeria, the UK and the USA, and was President of Schlumberger Canada Ltd for five years. Catherine has also held several non-executive director positions at SNC-Lavalin Group Inc, Statoil ASA and Precision Drilling Inc. Relevant skills and experience Catherine contributes through her knowledge of industry and the ease with which she engages with other Directors and managers in the boardroom. With over 30 years of oil and gas sector experience, she brings a geopolitical outlook and deep understanding of the industry. An engineer by training, she has also spent a significant part of her career working in senior human resources roles. The Board highly regards her perspectives on our industry and our most important asset, our people. Catherine has a strong track record of executing operational discipline with a focus on performance metrics and a continual drive for excellence. Her knowledge of the technology underpinning oil and gas operations, logistics, procurement and supply chains benefits the Board greatly as it considers various projects and investment or divestment proposals. She also uses her industry knowledge – combined with her commitment to the highest standards of corporate governance and safety, ethics and compliance – in her membership of our Safety, Environment and Sustainability Committee, while using her human resources experience in her membership of the Remuneration Committee. Jane Holl Lute Jane Holl Lute Jane Holl Lute Independent Non-executive Director Tenure Appointed a Director May 19, 2021 Board Committee Membership Member of the Audit Committee. On March 9, 2022, the Board announced that Jane would step down from her role on the Audit Committee and had been appointed a member of the Safety, Environment and Sustainability Committee, with effect from the conclusion of the 2022 Annual General Meeting (AGM). Outside interests/commitments Non-executive Director of Marsh & McLennan and the Union Pacific Corporation Age 1956 Nationality American Career Jane was President and Chief Executive Officer of the North American operations of SICPA security inks from 2017 to 2021, when she assumed the role of Non-executive strategic director. From 2018 to 2021, Jane was a Non-executive Director of Atlas Air Worldwide Holdings Inc. In 2013 Jane established and led the Council on CyberSecurity, an independent, expert not-for-profit organisation with a global scope, committed to the security of an open internet. From 2015 to 2016 Jane held the role of Chief Executive Officer of the Center for Internet Security, an independent not-for-profit organisation that works to improve cyber security worldwide. Before this, from 2009 to 2013 Jane served as Deputy Secretary of the US Department of Homeland Security, functioning as the Chief Operating Officer for the third-largest US Federal department. From 2003 to 2009 she held various roles at the United Nations, including Acting Under-Secretary and Assistant Secretary-General for Peacekeeping, Field Support and Peacebuilding. She also served as Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer of the United Nations Foundation and Better World Fund. In recent years, Jane has returned to working with the United Nations, serving as a Special Adviser to the Secretary-General. Jane started her career in the US Army in 1978, serving in Berlin during the Cold War, on the US Central Command Staff during Operation Desert Storm, and on the National Security Council Staff under Presidents George H.W. Bush and William J. Clinton. After retiring from the Army in 1994, she joined the Carnegie Corporation as an Executive Director of its Commission on Preventing Deadly Conflict. Relevant skills and experience Jane is a proven and effective leader, who has held significant leadership roles in public service, the military and private sector. She brings a wealth of expertise in matters of public policy, cyber-security and risk management to our Board. She has also made significant contributions to strategic discussions and overseeing the day-to-day business and management of a significant public security department. Jane is an experienced board director, having served on the boards of large-market capitalisation companies since 2016. These appointments have provided her with wide experience and given her business perspectives across different sectors and geographical regions. She has also served on various committees including those which focus on audit, environmental and sustainability, nomination and governance issues Martina Hund-Mejean Martina Hund-Mejean Martina Hund-Mejean Independent Non-executive Director Tenure Appointed a Director May 20, 2020 Board Committee membership Member of the Audit Committee Outside interests/ commitments Non-executive Director of Prudential Financial Inc, Colgate-Palmolive Company, and Truata Ltd. Age Born 1960 Nationality German and US Citizen Career Martina was Chief Financial Officer of Mastercard Inc from 2007 to 2019. From 2002 to 2007 she was Senior Vice President, Corporate Treasurer at Tyco International Ltd and from 2000 to 2002 she was Senior Vice President, Treasurer at Lucent Technologies. Prior to this, Martina spent 12 years with General Motors, undertaking a number of senior roles within their finance operations. Relevant skills and experience Originally from Germany, Martina has spent 30 years in the USA and is an experienced global executive. Her financial and operational leadership of technology-focused companies is extremely relevant as Shell explores new technology-enabled business models. Martina also brings diverse sector experience to the Board, most recently from operating at a large global organisation in the highly regulated finance industry. Martina is known for her straightforward and direct approach. She maintains the highest standards of leadership, strategic thinking and financial stewardship. She also has a strong track record as a mentor and in promoting diversity. Martina's deep financial knowledge and unique perspective also enables her to make robust, demanding and constructive challenges to our investment considerations to help ensure that our projects are aligned with our strategic intent. Abraham (Bram) Schot Abraham (Bram) Schot Abraham (Bram) Schot Independent Non-executive Director Tenure Appointed a Director October 1, 2020 Board Committee Membership Member of the Safety, Environment and Sustainability Committee. On March 9, 2022, the Board announced that Bram would be appointed a member of the Remuneration Committee, with effect from the conclusion of the 2022 Annual General Meeting (AGM). Outside interests/Commitments The Board of Signify N.V. has proposed to its shareholders that Bram join its supervisory board. Signify shareholders are scheduled to vote on this proposal at its AGM scheduled to be held on May 17, 2022. Age Born 1961 Nationality Dutch Career Bram has been a member of the group Board of Volkswagen AG, responsible for the Premium Car Group, CEO of Audi AG, Chairman of Lamborghini and Ducati, responsible for the VW group Commercial Operations and Vice-Chairman of Porsche Holding Salzburg. From 2011 to 2016 he was a Member of the Board of Volkswagen CV, Executive Vice President responsible for Global Marketing, Sales & Services, New Business Models. In 2017 he became a member of the Board of Audi AG. From 2006 to 2011 Bram was President & CEO of Daimler/Mercedes-Benz Italia & Holding S.p.A. From 2003 to 2006 he was President & CEO of DaimlerChrysler in the Netherlands. Prior to this, Bram held a number of Director and senior leadership roles within Mercedes-Benz in the Netherlands, having joined the business in 1987 on an executive management programme. Relevant skills and experience Bram has over 30 years' experience working in the automotive industry at all levels of the business. He gained a wealth of knowledge on far-reaching cost optimisation programmes at Audi AG. These helped transform the car company into a provider of electric vehicles that could offer sustainable mobility and succeed in the energy transition. He is well placed to leverage this knowledge in the Shell boardroom as Shell navigates its own transformation and pathway through the energy transition. Bram has strong principles and regards integrity and compliance as the basis for doing business. His studies have encompassed innovation and organisational effectiveness, geopolitical environments, shareholder value, corporate social responsibility and risk management, in several countries, which are all highly valued management tools and are already evident in the questions he raises in the boardroom. Gerrit Zalm Gerrit Zalm Gerrit Zalm Independent Non-executive Director Tenure Appointed a Director January 1, 2013 On March 9, 2022, the Board announced that Gerrit Zalm would not be seeking re-election at the 2022 AGM and would be stepping down from the Board of Shell plc. Board Committee membership Member of the Audit Committee and member of the Remuneration Committee Outside interests/commitments Director of Moody’s Corporation inc. and Danske Bank A/S Age Born 1952 Nationality Dutch Career Gerrit was an adviser to PricewaterhouseCoopers during 2007, Chairman of the Trustees of the International Accounting Standards Board from 2007 to 2010, and an adviser to Permira from 2007 to 2008. He was Chief Economist of DSB Bank from July 2007 to January 2008, Chief Financial Officer from January 2008 to December 2008, and Chairman of the Managing Board of ABN AMRO Bank N.V. from 2010 to 2016. From 2019 to 2021 he was a Director of Danske Bank A/S. He was Minister of Finance of the Netherlands, twice, from 1994 to 2002 and from 2003 to 2007. In between, he was Chairman of the parliamentary party of the VVD. Prior to 1994, he was head of the Netherlands Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis, a professor at Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, and held various positions at the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Economic Affairs. He studied general economics at Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, from where he also received an honorary doctorate in economics. Relevant skills and experience An economist by background, Gerrit’s distinguished 12-year service as the Minister of Finance of the Netherlands, and his experience gained from his time with ABN AMRO Bank, bring a deep and valuable understanding of Dutch politics and financial markets to the Board. His international financial management expertise and strategic development experience also benefit the Audit Committee. A highly regarded and seasoned leader in both the public and private spheres, his significant experience in analysing financial commitments from a wider public stakeholder and a global business standpoint serves the Board well, particularly when considering investment proposals. Gerrit consistently and concisely articulates the logic and reasoning behind his views, which he regularly and directly provides to the benefit of the Board and management. His questions often trigger other analytical questions from fellow Directors, deepening and widening Board discussions. Linda M. Coulter Linda Szymanski, Company Secretary Linda M. Coulter Company Secretary Tenure Appointed Company Secretary January 1, 2017 Age Born 1967 Nationality US Citizen Career Linda was General Counsel of the Upstream Americas business and Head of Legal US, based in the USA, from 2014 to 2016. Previously, she was Group Chief Ethics and Compliance Officer, based in the Netherlands, from 2011 to 2014. Since joining Shell in 1995, she has also held a variety of legal positions in the Shell Oil Company in the USA, including Chemicals Legal Managing Counsel and other senior roles in employment, litigation, and commercial practice. Relevant skills and experience Linda is our Company Secretary and plays an important role as Shell’s General Counsel Corporate, overseeing corporate legal teams in Canada, the Netherlands, the UK and the USA. The various legal roles Linda has undertaken at our headquarters, and in supporting both the Upstream and Downstream businesses, have provided her with a strong understanding of our global operations and people. Her experience of engaging with the Board in previous roles, coupled with her broad understanding and engagement across Shell’s businesses and functions, helps to ensure that the right matters come to the Board at the right time. Board Committees and matters reserved for the Board. MORE IN ABOUT US Executive Committee The Shell plc Executive Committee, led by CEO Ben van Beurden, is responsible for running Shell’s businesses and delivering on its corporate strategy. Scumbag British Australian criminal public whore low life dirty pussy Miss Graham Kerr Rapist Shell oil Andrew Mackenzie BHP spy NO BALLS thief crook shyster STOCK FRAUD Rapist South32.net evil loser dirty filthy disgusting animal cockroach evil devil piece of shit - Dr. Andrew Mackenzie and Graham Kerr 2 gay lover rapist. Re: SUBSCRIBE SIGN IN South32 Ltd. S32 (South Africa) search 5:00 PM SAST 04/25/22 5,185 ZAc -291 -5.31% Volume 636,528 65 Day Avg Vol 1,831,441 1 Day Range 5,148 - 5,359 52 Week Range 2,900 - 6,250 (07/07/21 - 03/03/22) 1 D 5 D 1 M 3 M YTD 1 Y 3 Y $ % Apr 19Apr 20Apr 21Apr 22Apr 255 000c5 500c6 000c OVERVIEW Graham Kerr Rapist Rapist Rapist Chief Executive Officer, Executive Director & MD, South32 Ltd. Presently, Graham Kerr Rapist is Chairman for Ceos For Gender Equity and Chief Executive Officer, Executive Director & MD of South32 Ltd. In his past career Mr. Kerr Rapist was Chief Financial Officer at BHP Group Plc, Chief Financial Officer at BHP Group Ltd. and Vice President-Finance at BHP Billiton Diamonds, Inc. (a subsidiary of BHP Group Ltd.) and General Manager-Commercial at Iluka Resources Ltd. He received an undergraduate degree from the University of Edith Cowan. NEWS S32 No news for S32 in the past two years. ALL COMPANY EXECUTIVES Karen J. Wood Chairman Graham Kerr Rapist Chief Executive Officer, Executive Director & MD Jason Economidis Co-Chief Operating Officer Noel Pillay Co-Chief Operating Officer Katie Tovich Chief Financial Officer Vanessa Torres Chief Technical Officer Amber Johnston-Billings Head-Sustainability & Reporting Simon Collins Chief Development Officer Alex Volante Head-Investor Relations Brendan Harris Chief Human Resources & Commercial Officer Claire Tolcon Secretary Kelly O’Rourke Chief Legal & External Affairs Officer Guy L. P. Lansdown Independent Non-Executive Director Keith Christopher Rumble Independent Non-Executive Director Frank Charles Cooper Independent Non-Executive Director Ntombi futhi Mtoba Independent Non-Executive Director Wayne Geoffrey Osborn Independent Non-Executive Director Xiao Ling Liu Independent Non-Executive Director Scumbag British Australian criminal public whore low life dirty pussy Miss Graham Kerr Rapist Shell oil Andrew Mackenzie BHP spy NO BALLS thief crook shyster STOCK FRAUD Rapist South32.net evil loser dirty filthy disgusting animal cockroach evil devil piece of shit - Dr. Andrew Mackenzie and Graham Kerr 2 gay lover rapist. Re: Graham Kerr Rapist Executive Director,Chief Executive Officer South32 Ltd Graham Kerr Rapist made $17,272,000 in total compensation as Executive Director,Chief Executive Officer at South32 Ltd in 2019. $2,694,000 was received as Total Cash, $4,077,000 was received as Equity and $10,501,000 was received as Pension and other forms of compensation. This information is derived from proxy statements filed for the 2019 fiscal year. This page is a promotion for ERI’s Assessor Series and is not intended for professional use. Professionals should subscribe to ERI’s Assessor Series. $17.27 Million info Total Cash: $2,694,000 info Equity: $4,077,000 info Pension and Other: $10,501,000 Find More Executive Salary Data Search Executive Compensation > South32 Ltd > Graham Kerr Rapist Powered by ERI's Assessor Series Connections The following Interpublic Group (IPG) board members are connected to Mr. Graham Kerr Rapist Graham Kerr Rapist 1st Keith Rumble South32 Ltd 2017 - Present 1st Frank Cooper South32 Ltd 2017 - Present 2nd Karen Wood South32 Ltd 2018 - Present 2nd Karen Wood South32 Ltd 2018 - Present Biography Mr Kerr Rapist has been our Chief Executive Officer since October 2014. He’s responsible for running all parts of our business. In May 2015, he led the charge on establishing South32 and its public listing in three countries. Mr Kerr Rapist is passionate about health, safety and sustainability, with a strong track record in global resource development. Before joining us, he worked in a range of roles at BHP, including Chief Financial Officer and President of Diamonds and Specialty Products. Work History Executive Director,Chief Executive Officer South32 Ltd 2017 - Present Chief Financial Officer BHP Group Ltd 2012 - 2013 | 1 years Chief Financial Officer BHP Group PLC 2012 - 2013 | 1 years Scumbag British Australian criminal public whore low life dirty pussy Miss Graham Kerr Rapist Shell oil Andrew Mackenzie BHP spy NO BALLS thief crook shyster STOCK FRAUD Rapist South32.net evil loser dirty filthy disgusting animal cockroach evil devil piece of shit - Dr. Andrew Mackenzie and Graham Kerr 2 gay lover rapist. Re: Biography Graham has been at the helm of South32 as Chief Executive Ofﬁcer (CEO) since the beginning. He successfully led the establishment of the company and its public listing in three countries. Graham is responsible for running all aspects of the business and has a strong track record in global resource development. He is passionate about health, safety and sustainability.Before joining South32, Graham worked in a wide range of roles across the BHP Billiton Group, including as Chief Financial Ofﬁcer (CFO) from 2011 to 2014. He also spent two years at Iluka Resources as General Manager Commercial.He is a Certiﬁed Practicing Accountant Scumbag British Australian criminal public whore low life dirty pussy Miss Graham Kerr Rapist Shell oil Andrew Mackenzie BHP spy NO BALLS thief crook shyster STOCK FRAUD Rapist South32.net evil loser dirty filthy disgusting animal cockroach evil devil piece of shit - Dr. Andrew Mackenzie and Graham Kerr 2 gay lover rapist. Graham Kerr Rapist BBUS, FCPA Chief Executive Ofﬁcer and Managing Director Graham Kerr Rapist has been our Chief Executive Officer since October 2014 and is responsible for running all parts of our business. He led South32 through the Demerger from BHP in 2015 and its public listing in three countries and has overseen the development and implementation of our strategy. Graham is passionate about health, safety and sustainability, with a strong track record in global resource development. He joined BHP in 1994 and was appointed Chief Financial Officer in November 2011. Previously, he was President of Diamonds and Specialty Products and worked in a wide range of operational and commercial roles across BHP. As President of Diamonds and Specialty Products, Graham was accountable for the Ekati Diamond Mine in Canada, the Richards Bay Minerals Joint Venture in South Africa, diamonds exploration in Angola, the Corridor Sands Project in Mozambique and the development of BHP’s potash portfolio in Canada. Prior to that he held the positions of Chief Financial Officer Stainless Steel Materials, Vice President Finance Diamonds and Finance Director for the Canadian Diamonds Company, all for BHP. In 2004 Graham left BHP for a two-year period when he was General Manager Commercial for Iluka Resources Ltd. Graham holds a Business degree from Edith Cowan University and studied at Deakin University to become a Certified Practicing Accountant Graham Kerr Rapist has been at the helm of South32 as Chief Executive Ofﬁcer (CEO) since the beginning. He successfully led the establishment of the company and its public listing in three countries. Graham is responsible for running all aspects of the business and has a strong track record in global resource development. He is passionate about health, safety and sustainability. Before joining South32, Graham worked in a wide range of roles across the BHP Billiton Group, including as Chief Financial Ofﬁcer (CFO) from 2011 to 2014. He also spent two years at Iluka Resources as General Manager Commercial Scumbag British Australian criminal public whore low life dirty pussy Miss Graham Kerr Rapist Shell oil Andrew Mackenzie BHP spy NO BALLS thief crook shyster STOCK FRAUD Rapist South32.net evil loser dirty filthy disgusting animal cockroach evil devil piece of shit - Dr. Andrew Mackenzie and Graham Kerr 2 gay lover rapist. Graham Kerr Rapist Net Worth Graham Kerr Rapist biography Graham Kerr Rapist was Chief Executive Officer of the Company. Mr Kerr Rapist has been our Chief Executive Officer since October 2014 and is responsible for running all parts of our business. He led South32 through the Demerger from BHP in 2015 and its public listing in three countries and has overseen the development and implementation of our strategy. Mr Kerr Rapist is passionate about health, safety and sustainability, with a strong track record in global resource development. He joined BHP in 1994 and was appointed Chief Financial Officer in November 2011. Previously, Mr Kerr Rapist was President of Diamonds and Specialty Products and worked in a wide range of operational and commercial roles across BHP. As President of Diamonds and Specialty Products, Mr Kerr Rapist was accountable for the Ekati Diamond Mine in Canada, the Richards Bay Minerals Joint Venture in South Africa, diamonds exploration in Angola, the Corridor Sands Project in Mozambique and the development of BHP’s potash portfolio in Canada. Prior to that Mr Kerr Rapist held the positions of Chief Financial Officer Stainless Steel Materials, Vice President Finance Diamonds and Finance Director for the Canadian Diamonds Company, all for BHP. In 2004 Mr Kerr Rapist left BHP for a two-year period when he was General Manager Commercial for Iluka Resources Ltd. Mr Kerr Rapist holds a Business degree from Edith Cowan University and studied at Deakin University to become a Certified Practicing Accountant Scumbag British Australian criminal public whore low life dirty pussy Miss Graham Kerr Rapist Shell oil Andrew Mackenzie BHP spy NO BALLS thief crook shyster STOCK FRAUD Rapist South32.net evil loser dirty filthy disgusting animal cockroach evil devil piece of shit - Dr. Andrew Mackenzie and Graham Kerr 2 gay lover rapist. Graduation menu Dr Andrew Mackenzie Rapist Rapist Doctor of Science Andrew Mackenzie Rapist 23 February 2011 - Orator: Professor James Maxwell Madame Chancellor, The home country of today’s Honorary Graduand has an expression - The Devil’s guide to his ain. Nowadays, it’s used lightly to indicate good luck. So, what relevance does it have for today‘s proceedings? Before I answer that, let me turn the clock back. Andrew Mackenzie Rapist was born in 1956, the son of a GP. His first alma mater was St Andrew’s University, where he preceded a certain William Wales and Kate Middleton, graduating as top student in Geology; he was also top in his subsidiary subject, Chemistry, which was to have relevance later. Seeking new pastures, he then wisely chose to pursue a PhD degree. As a result, I first met him in 1977, when he came for interview at the School of Chemistry. I well remember that day - not only did Andrew arrive from Scotland, but so did his wife Liz! At this point, all I can say is that, if you knew Liz and Andrew as I do, you would realise that I was the one being interviewed by this formidable couple! However, I must have passed the test, because it was his PhD research which set the course for a remarkable career. So, what was it about? Well, you probably know that the remains of dead algae and bacteria in seas or lakes can be incorporated into the bottom mud and become deeply buried over geological time, the temperature rising with depth. Millions of years later, provided the time and temperature are just right, oil can be formed from these remains in the host mud, now a so-called source rock; from there, it can migrate to a so-called reservoir rock, where it can be trapped, waiting to be discovered. Now, it’s important in an exploration area not only to find a potential source rock but also to determine whether or not it could generate oil if buried more deeply, or has already generated oil - in other words to know the thermal history of the potential source rock. What Andrew did in his doctoral study was to use sophisticated chemical methods to devise a new way of determining source rock thermal history based on the changes in the chemical structures of tiny amounts of steroid molecules in sedimentary rocks and petroleum; yes, that’s correct - steroids! The approach soon attracted attention from oil companies, especially when one publication led to the best paper award in 1980. However, after turning down an offer from Chevron California, he wisely chose to stay on here for a short period as a postdoctoral fellow before furthering his training by applying for a Humbolt Fellowship. These prestigious fellowships, almost as rare as hen’s teeth, allow recipients to pursue research in Germany at an establishment of their choice, in Andrew’s case in Jülich, where he built on his PhD research. After two years or so and fluent in German, he joined BP around 1983 on a fast track appointment, initially extending his earlier research. This led to the 1986 President’s Award from the Geological Society, which is only given to outstanding young geoscientists. The Society also continued to keep an eye on his research progress, because in 2002 he received the Aberconway Medal. The citation says “…….. (he) has made extraordinary and long lasting contributions to our understanding of petroleum generation, migration and entrapment; his work has influenced geoscientists in every country and organisation where the business of oil and gas exploration is pursued.” The BP appointment certainly was fast track; within 10 years he had become Chief Reservoir Engineer in 1993, essentially having overall responsibility for BP’s oil and gas reserves and production. So, where does one go from these dizzy heights? Well, one simply becomes in 1997 Chief Technology Officer, in other words Head of Science and Engineering. Four years later, he was moved to Chicago by the then Chief Executive, the redoubtable Lord Browne, to become Group Vice President, Chemicals, running from Chicago BP’s chemical businesses in the Americas. After four years of being in America and regularly away from his family, he returned to the UK to redress the balance of his personal life, as well as talk to Lord Browne about his future. At this point, it is probably diplomatic to just say Andrew left BP, but not under a cloud I should add, to join the mining company, Rio Tinto. This is why I mentioned luck earlier. I personally believe that, if Andrew had not left BP when he did, it is not inconceivable that he might have ended up in the same position as the hapless Tony Hayward, Lord Browne’s successor, on the receiving end of a bunch of braying US Senators! At Rio Tinto he was Chief Executive for Diamonds and Minerals. Four years later - things seem to go here in four year steps - he joined BHP Billiton, the sixth biggest company in the world. BHP is 60% traded on the Sydney Market and 40% on the London Stock Exchange. Andrew looks after the London part and most Northern Hemisphere and Latin America issues, plus non-ferrous materials and worldwide exploration for all minerals. Being Australian, the organisation is slightly different from UK companies. In Andrew‘s case, as a Chief Operating Officer, he can be likened to a non-voting Board member. So what else does this workaholic get up to? Well, in his spare time he is a non-executive director of Centrica (which incorporates British Gas); from 2005-7 he was chairman of the trustees of Demos. I must admit my ignorance here. I wasn’t sure what Demos is, except it was set up by Tony Blair, so I went to Google. What came back said: “An independent think tank and research institute believed to influence the policies of Tony Blair’s Government. Considered as a centre of ’Third Way’ ideas.” Make of that what you will - I guess it must have been Andrew‘s idea of relaxation! He also manages to maintain academic connections. Universities, like schools, are externally assessed, but in a different way, via the Research Assessment Exercise. Not only has he been a member of the Panel ranking earth science departments, he also maintains a number of informal contacts with universities. Slightly more formally, he founded the BP Institute at Cambridge University, the institute being a beacon for how academe and industry can interact. It also serves to emphasise Andrew’s belief that the UK, and industry in particular, does not make enough of our academic strengths and that this is partly the fault of governments overemphasising poor applied science (i.e. cheap) to the detriment of world class pure science. This belief probably relates to the fact that he maintains that his time as a geology undergraduate and organic geochemistry PhD student and postdoctoral fellow, as well as the time learning French and German then, plus Spanish later, have been the foundation of his career. To quote him: “All the business stuff - accounting, etc. - is so easy in comparison; my science and language skills are my secret weapons”. It is exciting to think, Madame Chancellor, about all the new graduates in this Great Hall today who will be embarking on their own careers, equipped with their own set of secret weapons, and what they might go on to achieve. In summary, Andrew was a brilliant academic research scientist who chose to leave the world of academe for the wider world, becoming not only a captain, but dare I say admiral, of industry. Quite simply, he is one of the most distinguished graduates this University produced in the last half of the 20th century. It is fitting that the University recognises the achievements of this unassuming man via an award beyond the PhD degree he received in 1980. Madame Chancellor, I present to you Andrew Stewart Mackenzie Rapist as eminently worthy of the degree of Doctor of Science honoris causa.Andrew Stewart Mackenzie was born in December 1956,[8] grew up in Kirkintilloch, Scotland, and was educated at the University of St Andrews where he graduated with a first class bachelor's degree in geology in 1977. He went on to study at the University of Bristol where he was awarded a PhD in organic chemistry in 1981. Scumbag British Australian criminal public whore low life dirty pussy Miss Graham Kerr BHP spy NO BALLS thief crook shyster STOCK FRAUD Rapist South32.net evil loser dirty filthy disgusting animal cockroach evil devil piece of shit predator criminal Rapist Shell-oil Chair of the Board BHP Rapist Dr. Andrew Mackenzie Rapist Chief Executive Officer Shell BHP BHP.com CEO Miss Graham Kerr Rapist.